ANCIENT WATER LEVELS OF CHAMPLAIN— HUDSON VALLEYS 123 



feet above the sea. The terrace has a distinct westward extension 

 along the path now followed by the Moordener kill, and has the 

 form of a delta built by this stream at this level but at a time 

 when remnants of the ice sheet still filled the bottom of the 

 Hudson valley in this region. The evidence of this lingering ice 

 is found in several remarkable kettle holes bordering the stream 

 and in the contour of the western front of the terrace which is 

 strongly suggestive of an ice contact slope [see pi. 8]. 



The kettle holes in the delta are broad deep depressions with 

 ice contact slopes having narrow gaps in each case on the side 

 toward the stream. Two of these kettle holes are north of the 

 stream, a large one forms a deep reentrant on the south bank. 

 This last kettle hole is depressed below the rim of its outlet gap 

 but contains no standing water because of the permeability of 

 the gravels. North of the Moordener kill and south and west of 

 the Schodack road, kettlelike depressions in the plain indicate 

 the extension of the ice remnants in that direction. 'Yet another 

 broad depression lies on the north side of Vlockie kill at the base 

 of the hilly ground; and still another depression occurs to the 

 south of this brook. 



Moordener kill has partly dissected this high level delta terrace 

 and sunk its bed on the rock at three points between 120 and 150 

 feet above the sea. The thickness of the deposit is evidently about 

 100 feet. 



Northward the delta terrace is traceable as a narrow shelf of 

 drift to and beyond East Greenwich, where on the west of the 

 turnpiked road kettle holes again appear indicating deposition in 

 the presence of masses of ice. Beyond this point, north of Mill 

 creek, the terrace is not definitely traceable. Southward the 

 terrace front retreats toward the hilly country and is not more 

 than ^ a mile wide where traversed by Vlockie kill, and it extends 

 south of this stream between the low till-covered hills to an 

 apparent end at the southern limit of the Troy quadrangle. 



The slope by which this terrace drops off to the level of the 

 broader and smoother terrace adjacent to the Hudson river is 

 singularly regular specially between Moordener kill and East 

 Greenwich. At a few points along this slope the topography 

 bears indubitable evidence of having been molded in the presence 



