V 



INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 403 



Dr LeConte in 1878, from specimens taken at an altitude of 9,000 to 

 10,000 feet in the Leavenworth valley above Georgetown Col. These two 

 widely separated localities would seem to indicate a general distribution 

 over the United States, and that it probably ranges into southern Canada, 

 at least. 



Pine tip moth 



Pinipestis zimmermani Grote 



Short, brown, needles on tips of hard pine, specially if there be a small pitch mass 

 near the base of the injured portion, is an indication of the work of this insect. 



This pernicious borer, kindly determined by Prof. C. H. Fernald from 

 bred specimens, was met with on hard pines at Karner during June and 

 July of both 1901 and 1902. It invariably attacks the more slender grow- 

 ing tips, frequently the leader or the central shoot of a branch, and causes 

 them to shrivel, curl slightly and later turn brown. The work of this borer 

 is frequently indicated by a small, granular mass of brownish pitch pushed 

 out by the borer near the base of the injured portion. The needles on the 

 affected parts are much smaller than normal. The insect is occasionally so 

 abundant as to kill a considerable proportion of the terminal shoots and 

 thus seriously injure the development of the tree, practically ruining it for 

 other than firewood purposes. 



Description. The moth is a pretty, slate gray and white insect with a 

 wing spread of about ^ inch [pi. 20, fig. 19]. The larva measures a little 

 over y± inch in length, with the head and thoracic shield black and the 

 body varying from reddish brown to somewhat livid green. Its dark brown 

 tubercles each bear a slender hair and the skin is further ornamented by 

 linear series of dark brown, blackish chitinous points. The presence of 

 these latter are characteristic of this caterpillar, and permit its ready 

 separation from the borer operating on the smaller limbs, (Evetria 

 corns tockiana Pern.) . 



Life history. Dr D. S. Kellicott records taking the larvae of this insect 

 at Hastings, and states that, they were a dull white and not livid, though 

 otherwise as described by Grote. He adds that the larvae were found in 



