338 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



ENEMIES OF EVERGREEN OR CONIFEROUS TREES 



Borers in trunk and wood 



Large, brownish pitch masses on pine trunks 



Pitch mass borer, Parharmonia pini, p. 341 



True bark borers 



Masses of pitch at the base of large pines, usually indicate the presence of a stout, 

 brownish beetle about to % inch in length which, with its gnub, bores the inner 



bark Turpentine bark beetle, Dendroctonus terebrans, p. 342 



A rather stout, brownish or black, cylindric beetle, about % inch in length, makes more or 

 less longitudinal burrows in the thicker bark of the trunk and larger limbs of various 

 pines Coarse writing bark beetle, To miens c a 1 1 i g r a p h u s, p. 345 



A light brown or nearly black beetle about s/^ a inch in length, bores the thicker pine bark 

 near the middle portion of the trunk and that of the larger limbs 



Pine bark beetle, Tomicus p i n i , p. 35 1 



A brown or nearly black, cylindric beetle about z /(> inch in length, works in the inner 

 layers of thicker pine bark, particularly about the middle part of the trunk and on 

 the underside of the limbs of larger trees T o m i c 11 s caelatus, p. 354 



A small, brown or blackish, cylindric beetle about }i inch long, bores the thicker bark of 

 smaller pines and that of the limbs of larger trees 



Southern Tomicus, T o m i c u s cacographus, p. 356 



A minute, dark bark beetle about '/i6 inch long, makes short, sinuous mines in the bark of 

 spruce and pine Minute spruce bark beetle, Crypturgus atoraus, p. 359 



A rather stout, brownish or black beetle, about y^6 inch long, makes longitudinal gal- 

 leries in the inner bark and outer sapvvood of living spruce. 



Spruce destroying beetle, Dendroctonus piceaperda, p. 379 



A light brown or black, rather stout beetle about 3 / 32 inch in length, makes somewhat irreg- 

 ular, transverse galleries in inner spruce bark, from which diverge smaller dilating 

 larval galleries Spruce bark beetle, Poly graph us r u f i p e n n i s, p. 386 



Balsam trees with red tips may be infested by a small, brownish or black beetle about 

 3/^2 inch in length which, with its larvae, runs numerous galleries in the inner bark 

 and sapwood Balsam bark borer, Tomicus b a 1 s a m e u s, p. 375 



A light brown or black beetle about X / Z 6 inch long, makes peculiar, clubbed, longitudinal 

 galleries under the bark of red cedar 



Red cedar bark beetle, Phloeosinus dentatus, p. 391 



