INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 435 



with a stout ovipositor extending about V16 inch beyond the tip of the wing 

 covers. The antennae are slender, ringed with grayish white, and about 

 one half longer than^the body. The head, thorax and body are obscurely 

 and somewhat irregularly marked with grayish brown and silvery white. 

 The thorax is broader than long and armed laterally with a stout spine a 

 little behind the middle ; wing covers rounded at the base. Mr Wickham 

 separates this species from its ally, U. triangulifer Hald., by its more 

 elongate form, grayish pubescence on the upper surface, except for the dark 

 markings consisting of small closely placed spots and blotches ; these latter 

 form a distinct line on each side of the middle of the prothorax, usually 

 also an antemedian and postmedian, irregular elytral band. 



The larva is a little over j4 inch in length, and has been described by 

 Dr Fitch as having a more or less retracted head, its base white and ante- 

 rior portion deep, tawny yellow, black along each side. The body of the 

 grub tapers slightly backwards to the middle, from whence it has nearly the 

 same diameter to the bluntly rounded tip. There is a large, transverse, 

 tawny yellow spot on the upper side of the prothoracic segment, occupying 

 its basal half, and an elevated, rough, transverse, oval spot of the same 

 tawny yellow color on the middle of all the other body segments, except the 

 last two. 



Life history and habits. Dr Fitch states that the bark of recently felled 

 black oaks, Ouercus t i n c t o r i a, are mined by borers belonging to this 

 species, they forming large worm-eaten tracks. Transformation to the 

 pupa occurs in the cavity, and the long-horned beetles appear in June. In 

 Dr Fitch's time the species was so abundant that unless the bark of the 

 black oak was peeled immediately after the tree fell, it became much worm 

 eaten and worthless for dye purposes. 



Food plants. This beetle appears to have a somewhat varied food 

 habit. Besides occurring in pine and oak, as stated above, it has been 

 reared by Mr Chittenden from chestnut, oak and maple, and Mr Beuten- 

 miiller also records it in addition from hickory, limbs of chestnut, and on 

 the authority of Mr Jcutel, from apple and pear. Mr Dury records taking 

 it on beech in the vicinity of Cincinnati. 



