INSECTS AFFECTING PARK AND WOODLAND TREES 603 



from these pests ceased to a considerable extent, though the raspberry 

 plants were frequently seriously injured from oviposition by tree crickets. 



Professor Piper states that these crickets, after attaining full growth, 

 feed to some extent on the tender shoots of various shrubs and sometimes 

 do a little damage in this manner. The principal injury, however, is caused 

 by the deposition of the eggs in the smaller limbs of various bushes and 

 trees, where they remain over winter and hatch in furie. This injury is 

 particularly marked in the case of raspberry and similar soft-stemmed 

 plants. These insects also deposit their eggs as stated by various writers, 

 in peach, apple, grape, cherry, oak, elm, hazel, sumac and willow, and the 

 observations of Dr Hopkins, now of the United States Bureau of Ento- 

 mology, convince him that considerable injury may follow this act. The 

 wounds made by the tree crickets afford ready entrance for fungous diseases 

 or an opportunity for such plant lice as the woolly aphis to attack the tree 

 and serious deformities may result. Tree crickets, as well as some other 

 insects, suffer to some extent from egg parasites. Two species, Cacus 

 oecanthi Riley MS. and Bar y con us oecanthi Riley MS., have 

 been reared from eggs of this species, and the former also from those of 

 O. latipennis. Generally speaking, these tree crickets are beneficial, 

 and as a rule they should not be destroyed, though occasionally some injury 

 may be caused. 



Bibliography 



1899 Murtfeldt, Mary E. Insect Life, 2 : 130-32 



FREQUENTERS, USUALLY BENEFICIAL, OF DECIDUOUS FOREST TREES 



Cicada killer 



Sphecius speciosus Drury 

 This handsome black, yellow-marked wasp, with rust-brown wings, 

 about an inch in length, is a southern form and ordinarily occurs from 

 Poughkeepsie southward, being more abundant in New Jersey and places 

 having a similar climate, than farther north. This fierce, striking wasp 

 was rather common at Karner, only a few miles west of Albany, in the 

 summer of 1901, at which time it was observed about scrub oaks, evidently 



