112 



Report of the State Geologist. 



1888 Goniatites discoidmis, Hall. Palaeontology of New York, vol. v, part 2, 



Suppl. (=vol. vii), pi. ccxxvii, figs. 11, 12. 

 189<> Tornoceras uniangulare, Beecher. Amer. Jour. Science, vol. xl, pp. 71- 



75, pi. 1. (=T. uniangulare var. compressmn). 

 1895 Tornoceras simplex, Holzapfel. Das obere Mitteldevon, etc. ; Abhandl. 



der konigl. Preuss. geolog. Landesanst. N. F., Heft 16, p. 95. 



This is the only goniatite which has entered the Portage fauna from 

 those preceding it in the state of New York. This is not to say that it 

 contributes an inharmonious element to this exotic association, for the 

 generic, if not also the specific type, is widely distributed in the European 

 Devonian, throughout the middle and upper faunas, as it is here. Holzapfel* 

 has recently regarded this species as a synonym of vox Bitch's Gon. simplex 

 (Gon. retrorsus of most writers), the determination of whose identity rests 

 upon Kaysek's observations upon one of the specimens labeled by vox 

 Brcnf. While there is, in nearly all structural features, excellent reason 

 for such a conclusion, we are still of the opinion that the New York species 

 is to be held distinct, from the fact that, unlike typical examples of Torn. 



simplex, it is clearly non-umbilicate at maturity. The European 

 species shows a narrow, but nevertheless open and distinct 

 umbilicus at full growth (cf. Holzapfel's figures) ; this is not the 

 case with Torn, uniangulare, in which the umbilicus is not only 

 completely closed at a very earl}' stage, but is frequently cal- 

 loused and the edge <>{' the stoma, is thickened and slightly 

 reflexed at this point, so that it becomes notably prominent. 



Like the European Torn, simplex, the American Torn, uni- 

 angulare is a species of great vertical range, but it seems to have 

 ™TaTlnilnguiar°*. been of a distinctly more stable type. It first appeal's in the 

 the 6 umbilicus 1 ^** Marcellus shales where it abounds; occurs plentifully in the 



Iiandinj; to cover L ^ 



cavity" "Taken at shales of the Hamilton group, in the Tully limestone, the 



early ephebicstage. 



x25 - Styliola limestone and locally in the Portage group. In all of 



these formations, the commonly occurring specimens are of small or medium 

 size, but individuals of much larger dimensions occur in all. The repre- 

 sentatives of the species which have been afforded by the Marcellus 

 and Hamilton shales .are seldom of such a quality as to indicate possible 

 variations of form and structure, but the more favorably preserved material 

 from the Styliola limestone and the Naples beds, indicate that such 

 variations occurred. 



* Obere Mitteldevon im Rbeiniscben Oebirge, p. 95. 1S9.">. 

 t Zeitscbr. der deutsch. geol. Oejellscb. vol. 21. 



