30 



JACOB HEIBERG. VON DER DREHUNG DER HAND. 



the condyles of humerus by any means. aud than repeat the exami- 

 nation of these angles. Pronation and supination max, howewer, 

 be carried far beyond this limit of the radial motion; aided by 

 powerful rotation of the humerus inwards and outwards respectively, 

 the surfaces will attain to complete opposition of direction. or 180 

 degrees of intervenmg angle, and even to a variable distance beyond 

 this which is. on an average, almost another quadrant. It deserves 

 also to be noticed. that these movements are often converted into 

 rotation around the axis of the lower part of the forearm and 

 wrist, by a somewhat similar humeral mouvement. For example 

 simultaneously with pronation, the lower end of the humerus is 

 carried outwards and upwards, and a similar deviation is thus im- 

 pressed on the ulna articulated with it, which extending to its 

 lower extremitj*. results in the rotation of this part of the liinb; 

 i. e. in the completion of pronatiou, without the usual advance of 

 the inner border of the forearm towards the median line of the 

 body. 



34. ;: Eduard d'Alton, 



die Analomic der Beucgungsicerhzeuge. Leipzig ISoO. 



35. * L. C. H. Gaste, 



Consirtevutions sur les fractures indirectes de lextrémité inferieure 

 du Radius, These. Strassbourg 1852. 



3(>. * Kno x, 

 Manual of Anatomi/. London 1853. Rensliaw. 



37. * IAither Holden, 

 Human osleologg. London 1855. 



38. :;: J. Henie, 



Handback der sgstematischen Analomic des Menschen. Braun- 

 schweig 1855. 



3tf. * G. B. Gunther, 

 das Handgelenk. Hamburg 1850 und 1850. 



40. * Kappev, 



Analomic dcscripfivc. Paris 1857—64. 



41. * G. Hermann Meyer, 

 die menschliche Hand. Ziirick 1858. 



