REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR AND STATE GEOLOGIST l?139 



The average strike of the cleavage in the quarries is 8° w, 

 being s 5° w in nos. 1, 3 and 5, s 7° w in nos. 2, 4, and G, and s 

 12° w in nos. 7, 8, 9 and 10. The dip varies from 45° to 

 5oP e. 



Flate 27 is a view of quarry no. 3. It is about 90' deep, and on 

 the west side the cleavage surface forme a smooth wall. The dip 

 is steeper at the top than at the bottom, giving the wall a concave 

 surface. This is due to the slate being so folded in the bottom 

 uf the quarry that the workable deposit, which is about 2' in 

 thickness, is doubled. This fold explains the variation in the 

 dip and strike noticeable in the quarries. New machinery was 

 being installed, and this quarry was being prepared for working 

 on an extensive scale. 



The greater part of quarry no. 5 was filled with water, which 

 was being pumped out, but it was being operated at the south 

 end on the hillside. Plate 28 shows this part of the quarry and 

 indicates the warped condition of the cleavage surfaces, which 

 gives the variation to the dip and strike. In this quarry 16' of 

 slate has to be stripped before workable material is reached, as, 

 near the surface, the slate is hard, imperfect in cleavage and 

 streaked with green. The quality of the slate improves as 

 greater depth is reached. 



The amount of waste material in quarrying is enormous. There 

 is a great amount of stripping to be done before workable slate 

 is reached, and the blasting ruins much good material. In the 

 methods of quarrying employed, the waste rock must be hoisted 

 out of the quarry and dumped, as well as the good material and 

 this dead work goes far to consume the profits of the industry. 



In the smaller quarries the hoisting apparatus consists of a 

 small derrick operated by a horse or by a team. In the larger 

 quarries it is an apparatus designed for the purpose, which con 

 sists of a stationary, two inch w 7 ire cable, one end of which is 

 anchored above the quarry and which inclines upward across the 

 quarry, passes over a mast and is anchored in the ground. On 

 this cable hangs a traveler which carries a smaller hoisting cable, 

 one end of which is attached to the winding drum, that is oper- 



