REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR AND STATE GEOLOGIST 1902 r29 



Dutch hill and the steep hill across the river from Frankfort. 

 The map contours represent the latter slope quite correctly, 

 as a steep. and fairly uniform slope. It was not cut and ter- 

 raced by glacial stream flow like Frankfort and Dutch hills, 

 though it may have been swept by water flow on the north side 

 of the valley ice lobe. 



There is a peculiar and interesting complication in the drain- 

 age about Dutch hill. It will be seen by the map contours 

 [pi. 2] that the hill is somewhat isolated, being an outlier 

 from the highland on the south. According to the contours the 

 valley behind the hill has a hight at the col, east of Center, 

 of 840 feet. It would be expected that all flow of high water past 

 the ice front would take advantage of this pass, down to the 

 level of the col, 840 feet. There are conspicuous evidences of 

 water cutting on the valley side south of Center at about 1000 

 feet and at about 900 feet. But there is no sufficient evidence 

 of any water flow across the col. It is positive that no con- 

 siderable stream ever passed there. Yet there are unmistak- 

 able proofs of strong river work from 1000 feet downward on 

 the north side of Dutch hill. What prevented the water from 

 passing through the valley behind Dutch hill? The only ex- 

 planation is that a block of ice, detached from the glacier front, 

 rested for a long time in the valley, over the site of Center, and 

 obstructed the drainage through the valley till the waters had 

 fallen below 840 feet. Another confirmation of this theory is 

 found in two small stream cuttings on the south side of the 

 top of Dutch hill, along the north side of the east and west 

 highway [see pi. 2]. These required a barrier on the south 

 side of the hill. They represent the first cutting by glacial 

 waters on Dutch hill, all the later flow passing on the north 

 side. 



It is probable that evidences of water cutting may be found 

 further down the Mohawk valley on the valley slopes. They 

 may be looked for specially west and south of Frankfort. 

 Stream-cut cliffs on the high valley slope 4 miles southwest of 

 Little Falls are plainly visible from . the New York Central 

 railroad. Also the peculiar phenomena found behind Dutch 



