68 



NEW YOr.K STATE MUSEUM 



works east and west instead of north and south. It is 

 coarser grained. The color is not so good, tending toward a 

 gray. It is less liable to slaking, and fewer reeds are found in 

 the lifts. 



The ledges of stone are more pockety than the Ulster county 

 stone. The vertical jointing is more irregular, specially the 

 east and west joints. Less shale is found in the stripping, and 

 the dip is not persistent in any cne direction. 



The quarries have nearly all been opened high up on the hills; 

 so the drainage is natural. "Black jack"' and "sap" are 

 peculiarities of these quarries alone 1 . "Sap" rock is the dis- 

 colored greenish gray stone which is near the joints. The dis- 

 coloration extends into the bed from 1 to 3 feet on each side of 

 the joint. " Black jack " is a soft, claylike material, which 

 occurs in the ledges in lens-shaped forms. It crumbles under 

 the hand and contains a great deal of iron. It is due to an 

 alteration of the rock, and when occurring may, as the quarry- 

 men say, " eat out n the whole bed and ruin the quarry. 



The prices paid the quarrymen are much lower than a»t the 

 docks on the Hudson, because of the difference in cost of trans- 

 portation to market. But the proximity of the railroads les- 

 sens the cartage charges. 



In the isolated districts business seems to be in a fair con- 

 dition, with an active demand at Oxford. 



Quarries in Delaware, Sullivan and Broome counties 

 Deyo & Son, Franklin Depot. Quarry is situated 1^ miles west 



of Merrickville station on the Ontario and Western railroad and 



f of a mile east of Franklin Depot. 

 Vertical section shows 



Rock 



Soil . 

 Stone 



2 feet 



2 feet 



2 feet 



1 foot 



2 feet 

 6" 



Stone 

 Shale 

 Rock 

 Stone 



2£ feet 

 5 feet 



