REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST I905 



51 



same time displaying a fondness for the foliage of such shade 

 trees as maples and elms. These two insects are so destructive 

 that a close watch has been kept upon developments in the infested 

 territory so that our citizens may not be taken unawares. In addi- 

 tion, a comprehensive bulletin giving illustrated accounts of these 

 two insects has been prepared. 



Shade and forest tree insects. This constitutes an exceedingly 

 important group, particularly as insect depredations on shade trees 

 appear to increase in severity from year to year, strikingly illus- 

 trated by the extensive injuries inflicted by tussock moth larvae on 

 the shade trees of many of our cities and villages in 1905. So many 

 trees were defoliated by the pest that the Entomologist judged it 

 timely to make an appeal for their more adequate protection. Good 

 shade trees are surely worth $10 each. Our estimates show that 

 the total value of these trees in the cities and villages of the State 

 is at least $18,000,000 and probably much more. It is a short- 

 sighted policy that allows this vast wealth which can be replaced 

 only by great expenditure of both time and money to be destroyed 

 for the want of a little protection, and we have therefore deemed 

 it fitting to urge through the public press that every city of 50,000 

 or more should make provision for the adequate care of its shade 

 trees by putting them under the control of a properly qualified 

 forester or entomologist connected with either the park or city 

 departments. We have further suggested that most villages would 

 find it advantageous to make some provision for the welfare of 

 their shade trees. 



The investigations of shade and forest tree insects, begun by the 

 writer in 1895, have been continued in connection with the extended 

 memoir on Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees, soon to 

 appear. A series of illustrations necessary for the identification 

 of the very destructive bark borers was an outcome of these studies, 

 a unique feature of the work being the demonstration of specific 

 morphologic differences existing in the proventriculi of these small, 

 dull colored apparently similar forms. Another result of our in- 

 vestigations has been the rearing of a number of gall gnats, known 

 previously only by the vegetable malformations produced. These 

 forms have been characterized in the adult and immature stages 

 and form an excellent basis for further studies of this exceedingly 

 interesting group. 



Mosquitos. This group is extremely important economically 

 and very interesting morphologically. Our work has been largely 



