SCIENCE. 



137 



is always or even usually translucent in mammals, and 

 that it forms a partition between the two proccelice in the 

 ordinary sense. A new term is desirable, which may 

 refer to either of the two lateral halves of the septum, in 

 connection with the proccelia, or the rest of the wall of 

 the hemisphere. 



Splenium (callosi). — sp — The splenium. 



Striatum, (corpus). — s. — The intraventricular, or en- 

 toccehan, portion of what is sometimes called the corpus 

 striatum. The nucleus caudatus. The caudate lobe. 



Sulcus haben^e. — SI. h. — The slight furrow along 

 the dorsal border of the habena. 



Sulcus intercruralis lateralis. — SI. ic. I. — In 

 the cat, a distinct lateral furrow in the area intercru- 

 ralis. 



Sulcus intercruralis mesalis. — SI. ic. m.—A 

 mesal furrow in the area intercruralis of the cat. 



SULCUS LIMITANS. — St. It. — The furrow between the 

 thalamus and striatum, in which lies the free border of 

 the fimbria in contact with the tania. The qualifying 

 word is given in reference to the fact that this furrow is 

 the line of separation between the entoccelian surface of 

 the striatum and the ectoccelian surface of the. thalamus. 

 A shorter and more significant term is desirable. 



SULCUS monroi. — SI. Mn. — The term is employed by 

 Reichert, (A, 65, Taf. 11), to designate a part of the 

 diccelia of man ventrad of the medicommissura. 



Taenia (semicircularis). — tn. — There seems to be no 

 reason why this single word may not replace the num- 

 erous compounds by which the part is known. 



Tegmentum.—/^-. — The more dorsal layer of fibers 

 of the crus cerebri, separated irom the crusta by the 

 locus niger. 



Tela.—//. — A general name for the membraneous 

 roofs of the dicosha and melacoslia. " Tela vascuiosa " 

 is employed by Huxley, I. 



Terma. — tr. — Lamina cinerea. The adult lamina 

 terminalis. 



Thalamus. — th. — Thalamus opticus seu nervorum 

 opticorum. As has been well remarked by Spitzka (2), this 

 single word is to be preferred upon all grounds to the 

 compounds which have been applied to this part. 



Tractus OPTICUS.— tr. op.— The optic tract. 



Trapezium.— tz — The trapezium of the metencepha- 

 Ion. Exposed in the carnivora, but in man concealed by 

 the caudal margin of the pons. 



Tuber cinereum.— T. cn.— The elevation just 

 caudad of the chiasma, to which is attached the hypo- 

 physis by the infimdibulum. 



Tuberculum ROLANDO. — tbl. R. The tubercle or 

 tuber of Rolando, Huguenin, A, 83. 



Valvula (cerebellij.— w. — The valve of Vieussens. 



Velum (interpositum).— vl.~ The ectoccelian portion 

 of the fold of pia, the entoccelian free border of which 

 forms the plexuses of the aula, porta;, and proccelias. 



Vena CHOROIDEA— v. ch.— Vena Galeni. 



Ventripyramis.— vpy.— The anterior pyramid. The 

 "prepyramid," Owen, A. 



Vermis (cerebelli).— vm.— The median lobe of the 

 cerebellum. This and the other external features of the 

 cerebellum are not here presented with any fullness. 



If I venture to hope that a few of the changes pro- 

 posed in this paper may escape disapprobation, and that 

 all my readers may not be hostile critics, it is because 

 the times have changed, and such an undertaking is now 

 more likely to be viewed in its true light. I have en- 

 deavored simply to define more clearly the necessity for 

 terminological improvement which has been admitted, in 

 some cases unconsciously perhaps, by all who have, for 

 example, substituted ventral for anterior, ectoglutaus 

 for gluteus maximus, hypophysis for pituitary gland, 

 corpus callosum for commissura cerebri maxima, adren- 

 als for suprarenal capsules, and basioccipital lor basilar 

 portion of the occipital bone. 



In evidence that the suggestions here made are not 

 impracticable, it may be proper to state that most of the 

 terms enumerated, particularly those of toponomy, have 

 been used in the anatomical laboratory of Cornell Univer- 

 sity for from one to three years ; that the freest criti- 

 cism has been asked from the score or two of students 

 working at practical anatomy and making their own 

 descriptions under the immediate direction of Professor 

 Gage ; and that, so far from there having been any incon- 

 venience, the wish has been expressed that a similar 

 terminology might be adopted elsewhere. 



On what may be called experimental grounds, there- 

 fore, it seems to me that, whatever may befall the par- 

 ticular terms here presented, as biological knowledge is 

 more widely diffused, and the demand for it correspond- 

 ingly increased, considerable changes in nomenclature 

 must be effected unless anatomical teachers are willing 

 to be styled professors of the art of needless mystifi- 

 cation. 



There is, however, little danger of the too rapid pro- 

 gress of terminological reform ; for, whatever may be 

 the general pressure of students and the public, definite 

 innovations are rarely made without the sanction, or at 

 least the toleration, of those who are most inconven- 

 ienced by any departures from custom. 



The beginner can learn the new terms even more 

 easily than the old, and at any rate he has nothing to 

 forget. But the trained anatomist shrinks from an un- 

 familiar word as from an unworn boot ; the trials of his 

 own pupilage are but vaguely remembered ; each day 

 there seems more to be done, and less time in which to 

 do it ; nor is it to be expected that he will be attracted 

 spontaneously toward the consideration that his own 

 personal convenience and preferences, and even those of 

 all his distinguished contemporaries, should be held of 

 little moment as compared with the advantages which 

 reform may insure to the vastly more numerous anatom- 

 ical workers of the future. 



List of Works and Papers Referred to* 



AGASSiz, L. — A. — Contributions to the natural history 

 of the United States. " On Morphology and Nomen- 

 clature." III. Ch. 2, Sect. 4. 



Argyll, Duke of.— I. — A fourth state of matter. 

 "Nature," June 24, 1880; 168. Repr. in "Science," 

 July 17, 1880 ; 33. 



Barclay, John. — A. — A new anatomical nomencla- 

 ture, relating to the terms which are expressive of posi- 

 tion and aspect in the animal system. O., pp. 182, 5 

 plates. Edinburgh, 1803. 



Cleland, J. — I. — A remarkable double monstrosity 

 of the head. Journ. Anat. and Phys., XIII, 164-172; 2 

 plates. 1872. 



Cuvier, Georges. — B.~ Lemons d'anatomie com- 

 paree, recueillies et publiees par Dumeril, seconde edition, 

 corrigee et augmentee. 8 volumes, D. Paris. [Tome 

 troisieme, contenant le systeme nerveux et les organes 

 des sens, revu par MM. F. G. Cuvier et Laurillard.] 



Dalton, J. C. — /. — Cerebral anatomy, with special 

 reference to the corpus striatum. Annals of the anatom- 

 ical and surgical society, II, 1-18, 6 figures. Jan., 1880. 

 Reprinted in " Brain." 



Dunglison, R.— A.— Medical Lexicon. A dictionary 

 of medical science, etc. Edited by R. J. Dunglison. 

 Royal O., pp. 1131. Phil., 1874. 



Gegenbaur, C. — A. — Grundnss der vergleichenden 

 anatomic Leipzig, 1874. O., pp. 660, 320 figures. 



— 59. — Ueber das archipterygium. Jenaisches Zeit- 

 schrift, VII. 204-217. 1873. 



Goodsir, J. — A. — The anatomical memoirs of, edited 

 by Wm. Turner. 2 vols., O. pp. 993, 14 plates, 26 figures. 

 Edinburgh, 1868. 



* In author's MS. numbers for the titles of papers published since 

 1873, are ' n Italics. The dates of publication will, nowever, obviate the 

 risk of confusion. [Ed.J 



