SECOND REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 1905 



25 



An exhibit of salt including the crude brines and rock salt and 

 the prepared grades that are marketed. This will be supplemented 

 by the addition of a suite of 25 specimens, donated by the Solvay 

 Process Co., of Syracuse, to illustrate the manufacture of sodium 

 compounds from salt and the by-products obtained. 



Samples of gypsum in raw and ground condition, also the cal- 

 cined material used for cements and building purposes. 



Samples of natural and Portland cements, together with mate- 

 rials illustrative of processes of manufacture. 



An exhibit of petroleum from wells in Cattaraugus and Allegany 

 counties. 



Specimens of iron ores representative of the various mines that 

 are commercially important. The varieties of such ores found 

 within the State include magnetite, hematite, limonite and sider- 

 ite, in fact all that are used in iron smelting. 



An exhibit of talc from the deposits in St Lawrence county. 



Miscellaneous collections showing other minerals of industrial 

 value that occur in New York. A list of these minerals comprises 

 lead and zinc ores, pyrite, graphite, garnet, emery, infusorial earth, 

 millstones, mineral paints, mineral waters, molding and building 

 sands. 



Plastics (ceramics, terra cotta, stucco and glass). It has been 

 the desire of the State Geologist to bring together a collection that 

 would serve to illustrate the beginnings and early progress in this 

 State of the plastic arts (so far as this term can be properly applied 

 to the manufacture of useful and artistic products from the clays, 

 gypsum and sands of this State). The plan has hardly yet taken 

 form but at present it does not contemplate the acquisition of pro- 

 ducts manufactured within the State from raw materials derived 

 from outside its boundaries ; rather to bring together the historical re- 

 cords of native industries, some of them wholly abandoned today. 

 New York has not been equably equipped with crude material for 

 all these products. It contains no porcelain clays of commercial 

 value. Its original residual feldspathic soils resulting from the ages- 

 long decomposition of the crystalline Adirondack masses were 

 shaved off and disseminated southward by the movement of the 

 glacial sheet and it is to this agent that we must ascribe our entire 

 lack of the finer clays, while to the waters which followed the break- 

 up of the ice we owe the vast extent of the coarser clays. New 

 York has^an enormous industry in manufactures from these clays, 

 but thesc*are chiefly of brick of various qualities, upon the present 

 production of which we fully report annually. Terra cotta and 



