20 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



South of Westfield, 2 and 3 miles, west of Chautauqua creek and 

 also between the gulfs, the old glacial stream work is conspicuous. 

 This is shown very well on the two north and south roads west of the 

 creek, at altitudes from 1000 down to 820 feet. On the two ridges 

 between the three ravines the crosscutting by the glacial flow is 

 very striking. The general surface is morainal but the knolls are 

 cut into terraces or even into double-walled channels. On the east 

 ridge cuts are found at 880, 960, 1020, and an excellent channel at 

 1200 feet (by the map contours), above which is a strong remnant 

 of the moraine. Correlating- with these cuts on the east ridge are 

 others on the west ridge, naturally at a lower altitude, while those 

 already noted as lying on the north and south roads west of the creek 

 are in continuation of the same flow. This series of interrupted 

 channels converges toward Forsyth, where the stream flow de- 

 bouched into Lake Whittlesey and produced the delta deposits 

 which have chiefly been built into the broad beaches of Whittlesey 

 and Warren. 



Westfield to Portland. One and one half miles southeast of 

 Westfield is a series of east and west scourways which lie at alti- 

 tudes of about 850 up to 1000 feet, according to the somewhat un- 

 reliable contours of the map. These channels probably represent 

 in part the same flow as the lower cuttings southwest of the village. 

 Evidence of stream work is also found along the higher slope farther 

 southeast, up to 1200 feet. Several strong and sharp stream-cut 

 notches and channels occur on the north and south roads north, 

 west and south of Prospect station, 2\ to 3 \ miles east and northeast 

 of Westfield. There are at least seven of these channels, ranging 

 from 860 up to 1300, and all in rock. The detritus borne by these 

 streams probably supplied part of the material of the broad sand 

 plains east and west of Westfield. Further representation of these 

 channels is found northeastward along the tracks of the Pennsyl- 

 vania Railroad as shown on plates 1 and 2. 1 



Portland to Fredonia [pi. 2]. Extending from Portland southwest 

 for 3 miles to West Portland church is an extended delta, lying be- 

 tween the Whittlesey (Belmore) and the Warren (Forest) beaches, 

 and also landward. The explanation of this broad gravel deposit is 

 found in a river channel which debouches south of Portland and 



^Explanation. The interrupted character of the stream channels as 

 represented on the maps is not wholly true to nature but is partly due to the 

 fact that they have been mapped only where actually observed, chiefly along 

 the highways, and are not indicated hypothetically. It would be a tedious 

 labor to trace all the scourways throughout the Erie district. Students 

 interested in the subject can appropriately trace and map the features in 

 precise detail in special districts. The author will be very grateful for such 

 information. 



