3^ NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



the valley of the south branch of Eighteenmile creek; the Boston 

 lake, the main valley of Eighteenmile creek; the Glenwood- 

 Colden lake, the valley of the west branch of Cazenovia creek; the 

 Protection-Holland lake, the valley of the east branch of Cazenovia 

 creek; the Java-Wales lake, the Buffalo creek valley. 



In Wyoming county two valleys were occupied by high-level 

 glacial waters; the Cayuga and the Tonawanda. The col at the head 

 of the Cayuga valley leads over to the Tonawanda valley £ mile north 

 of Perry's Crossing, through a swamp, with altitude of about 1380 

 feet (aneroid) 1 . 



The upper sections of these two valleys were consequently flooded 

 with a single lake, named the Varysburg-Johnsonburg lake after 

 the two villages in the Tonawanda valley, and which had its outlet 

 west of North Java leading over to the Java- Wales lake, already 

 mentioned [see p. 29]. 



The details of the lake phenomena and history will be found an 

 interesting study when the topographic maps are in hand. 



With outlets past the ice front 



The lakes of this class are the successors in each valley of those 

 just discussed, but their direction of overflow was essentially differ- 

 ent, and their distinct recognition is important to the full under- 

 standing of the history of the glacial waters. The existence of 

 these lakes has frequently been mentioned or implied in the descrip- 

 tion of their outlet channels across the intervalley ridges. 



As these lakes had a series of evanescent outlets across the declin- 

 ing ridges their levels were comparatively unstable, in which respect 

 they are quite unlike their predecessors of the former group. Another 

 difference is that these lakes were in series, one tributary to another, 

 but always to the westward. 



The highest outlets have not been noted in all cases, and have not 

 been specially sought. They must always lie inferior to the head 

 waters outlet of the earlier lake. When the topographic maps are 

 at hand and altitudes are known it will be easy to locate the highest 

 escape of each lake with considerable accuracy in advance of actual 

 observation on the ground. 



It is not now practicable to name all these lakes individually, 

 since they fell continuously through hundreds of feet vertically and 



'In a former publication Glacial Waters in the Finger Lakes Region of 

 New York [Geol. Soc. Am, Bui. 10:33] tms c °l was described as the early 

 outlet of the Tonawanda valley waters. This was an error, due to misin- 

 formation. Having no reliable map the writer accepted the statement that 

 the valley leading northeast from the swamp was the head of the Buffalo 

 creek valley, whereas it is the head of the Cayuga valley and leads far north- 

 ward. 



