58 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Chiefly as a cliff it follows for about 3 miles along the roads leading 

 north and then northeast. Newton cemetery is located on a 

 gravel bar by a small creek. At the second three-corners the beach 

 is a good bar with a stream-cut bank on the southeast. 



At the four-corners, 1 mile south of Dewell's five-corners or 2 miles 

 south of Orchard Park, the steep bluff shown in plate 12 was 

 probably washed by Whittlesey waves, though primarilv formed 

 by river work. North of this bluff and south of the five-corners is a 

 hill which was an island in the Whittlesey lake. 



Leverett makes the Whittlesey beach cross the moraine at 

 Orchard Park and follow along its north face [see his pi. XXV]. 

 This is a mistake, for the Hamburg moraine was laved by Warren 

 waters along its entire north face from Hamburg to Alden, and the 

 moraine covers all the area between the Whittlesey and Warren 

 shores. The Whittlesey beach is an irregular line winding through 

 the moraine from 1 to 2 miles south of the Warren shore. 



Orchard Park is below the Whittlesey, which is represented by 

 bars at 880 feet, crowning the cemetery ridge east of the village and 

 another ridge farther northeast. 



Between here and Cazenovia creek no good features are noted, 

 but the shore lies around the north face of a large hill west of the 

 creek with the two ends of the half circle lying across the east and 

 west "Mile Strip" road. On the east side of the creek the Whit- 

 tlesey bars are more continuous, as will be noted in the next section. 



Hamburg stands on the upper Warren bars with altitude of 807 

 feet. The lower Warren is conspicuous, forming heavy bars 

 carrying ridge roads west and north of the village, and with alti- 

 tudes 792, 789 feet and declining. The strong upper Warren bars 

 are followed by the highway leading northeast to Abbotts Corners 

 (Armor). At the four-corners south of the fair-grounds and i£ 

 miles northeast of the village the beach is a series of parallel bars 

 which unite toward Armor. 



The most extended and continuous ridge of the lower Warren 

 series between Brant and Spring Brook is the bar called "Coopers 

 ridge" which supports the road leading west from Hamburg to 

 Lake Erie. The bar extends west about 4 miles, nearly to Wier's 

 brick works, south of Wanakah station. The head of the ridge is 

 about 790 feet, or 17 feet under the upper Warren, but the bar 

 gradually declines westward until it is lost in the silt plain at about 

 750 feet altitude. Like the lower bars at Eden and Eden Valley 

 this long bar projects away from the Warren shore out into the lake, 

 with falling altitude. 



