THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY 



71 



of the anorthosite or have been folded into the latter and meta- 

 morphosed. Impure limestone would afford the necessary con- 

 stituents for its formation. The deposit is owned by G. W. Smith 

 of Keeseville. Nothing more than exploratory work was done 

 during the year. 



The output of garnet by mines in New York State amounted to 

 2700 short tons, valued at $94,500 in 1905 as compared with 3045 

 short tons valued at $104,325 in the previous year. The decrease 

 was incidental to the short season of operations. The output, 

 however, was larger than the' average of a number of years past. 



Bibliography 



Hooper, F. C. The American Garnet Industry. Mineral Induslrv. 1898. 

 v.6. 



Merrill, F. J. H. Mineral Resources of New York. N. Y. State Mus. Bui. 15. 

 1895. 



Magnus, H. C. Abrasives of New York State. N. Y. State Geol. 23d An. 

 Rep't. 1904. 



GRAPHITE 



The mining of graphite has shown encouraging progress during 

 the past year. The output was larger than ever before due to the 

 additional supply from mines that have recently entered upon the 

 productive stage, and unusual interest has been shown in prospect- 

 ing for new deposits, in some cases leading to promising develop- 

 ments. A continued advance may be anticipated for the industry. 

 There is ^ large and growing market for the better grades of 

 graphite that is capable of absorbing many times the present output. 

 The product from the New York State mines is all of the crystalline 

 variety, the consumption of which is at present supplied mostly by 

 imports from foreign countries. 



Graphite deposits are widely distributed in the Adirondack region. 

 As shown by Professor Kemp, 1 they accompany the metamorphosed 

 Precambric (Algonkian) strata and according to their associations 

 can be divided into four classes. These are (1) pegmatite dikes, 

 (2) veinlets of graphite, (3) quartzites, (4) crystalline limestones 

 with their included gneissoid rocks. 



The pegmatite dikes or veins are found cutting the gneisses and 

 limestones. They yield a coarsely crystalline graphite which is 

 sometimes distributed in flakes through the gangue and in other cases 

 is aggregated in large bunches quite free from admixture. Though 

 they have the appearance of exceptional richness, the deposits are 

 so irregular in their content and so uncertain in their continuity 



1 Kemp. J. F. Graphite in the Eastern Adirondacks. U.S. Geol. Sur. Bui. 225. 1903. 



