THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY 



IO3 



the Bessemer limit. Attention may be called to the manganese 

 content which is exceptionally high for Adirondack ores. Its pres- 

 ence is not indicated by the mineral constituents of the crude ore, 

 so that it probably exists in combination with other elements. Only 

 a trace of manganese was found by chemical test in the magnetite, 

 but the garnet gave a very decided reaction. This fact, considered 

 in connection with the small quantity of manganese shown in the 

 analysis of tailings, suggests that the garnet must have been largely 

 carried into the concentrates by the separation process. 



Caledonia mine. The Caledonia mine, owned by the Rossie Iron 

 Ore Co., is situated in the town of Rossie, St Lawrence co., 6 miles 

 southwest of Gouverneur. It is one of the group of mines that 

 lies along a narrow belt in Jefferson and St Lawrence counties, 

 and includes the Sterling, Dickson, Keene, Clark as well as many 

 other properties which have been operated at different times in the 

 past. The Caledonia mine is said to have been discovered in 181 2. 



The ore is an earthy red hematite with occasional masses that 

 have the appearance of specular ore. The associated rocks are 

 crystalline limestone on the foot wall, with serpentine, chlorite and 

 quartz schist forming horses and included bands in the ore body. 

 Overlying the ore in places is Potsdam sandstone in approximately 

 horizontal position. The deposit has a northeasterly strike, while 

 the dip is southeasterly beginning at 45 and gradually flattening 

 in depth. It apparently occupies a trough-shaped depression in 

 the limestone. 



The main shaft is down 700 feet on the incline. Levels have been 

 opened 100 feet apart on the course of the ore body. The width 

 varies from 10 to 30 feet, while the workings have an extreme length 

 of about 500 feet and are still in ore. The ore is transported under- 

 ground by tramways and hoisted in a skip to the surface, where it 

 is subjected to a rough cobbing to separate the accompanying rock. 

 The latter amounts to about one fourth of the material hoisted. 

 The shipments run from 55 to 63 per cent iron. Assays of carload 

 lots furnished by Mr A. J. Cummings, manager for the company, 

 show the following results. 



123 



Iron , 58.7 58 56 



Phosphorus 477 .575 .855 



Most of the output is shipped to New Jersey furnaces, but a 

 small portion is used by the Rossie Iron Ore Paint Co. at Ogdens- 

 burg for paint purposes. 



