208 



always affected; in the latter year, particularly, it was very abun- 

 dant. At the close of July, the adult young perched, scattered in 

 groups, upon the fences to the meadows 1 (62°). 



Plectrophanes nivalis, Lin. 



Found breeding in considerable numbers on Magerøen and most 

 of the smaller islands on the Norwegian shore of the Arctic Ocean. 

 A nest found in a fissure of an all but inaccessible rock on an 

 islet near the North Cape, contained nestlings 29th June 1872. Both 

 parents brought food to their young, consisting mainly of Tipuluhe. 



As a rule, the nests are built in cairns or mounds of stones, 

 and as the bird sits close upon her eggs, it is no easy matter to 

 find one. The eggs are laid a day or two before the middle of 

 June; on the southern fells, often at a considerable altitude. At 

 Suletind, on the Fillefjeld, for instance, 4 nests, containing each 

 4 or 5 eggs, were found the last two years by Mr. Lysne, all 

 of them about 5000' a. L s. It rarely winters in the most northern 

 districts of Finmark, and does not occur abundantly further north 

 than Tromsø; it subsequently passes the winter in the coast region, 

 in countless numbers. 



Pinicola enucleator, Lin. 



The occurrence of this species north of the Polar Circle lias 

 not been satisfactorely established. At Saltdalen (07° 20'), it was 

 observed by Smf. sen>- in July 1818, and of late years. by Mr. Ber- 

 bom. In Finmark it has not been found; possibly, however, it 

 may breed in Sydvaranger, Nordvi having procured ils eggs from 

 En are. 



r yr r hul a vulgaris, Terom. 

 Common as far north as Salten, but does not probablv range 

 as a resident beyond the Polar Circle. Individual* have ocnir- 

 red at Tromso. and Sommerfelt has observed it, thou^h rarely, in 

 East Finmark. 



1 In the Unive rsity Museum there is a specimen of the male hird, shot near Chri- 

 stiania in the brenning of May 1839. In this exatnple, the hlack on the head 

 and hrcast is still rringtid with tho white edtfin^s ol* the winter-dross ; this is 

 also the c.aNe. with the reddin.h-hrown hand on the nape. 



