253 



can hardly have penetrated ofitself. Near the latter town 30 brace 

 were turned out into the fields, (I believe in 1860), and at first 

 appeared to thrive pretty well. In the autumn of 1862 individuals 

 were observed as far north as Levanger, near which town a large 

 covey, flying in a north erly direction, was seen on the 15tu Nov. 

 Although their numbers must have been thinned very considerably 

 by the rigorous winter of 1862, some appear to have survived, 

 covies having been observed in 1865 and 1866, inlndherred (64°), 

 in 1867, in Børsen, in 1872, in Ørkedalen and Stod, districts situ- 

 ated on the northern and southern shores of the fjord. 



Seven individuals, procured from Spain, were turned out in 

 the neighbourhood of Stavanger, in 1862. The following year a 

 brace was observed, but nothing more has been seen of them. 

 On the Rosendal estate, in Hardanger, a similar attempt has been 

 made. and with the same re sult. 



As regards the distribution of this species in a vertical direction, 

 it may be observed, that a covey of 8 or 10 birds was seen in 

 the autumn of 1860, at Nystuen, on the Fillefjeld, about 3200' a. 1. s. 

 Co tu r ni x communis, Bonn. 



Of late years this species has become more abundant in the 

 southern parts of the country. 



A nest, containing 9 eggs, was found in a field of oats so 

 late as the 4th Sep., 1870, in Surendal, by Mr. Brandt. 



7. Grallæ, Lin. 



Charadrius pluvialis, Lin. 



Common in open spots everywhere north of the Polar Circle, 

 up to the Russian frontier, both on the mainland and the larger 

 islands on the co ast. On the 19th June, 1872, I flushed and shot 

 a male bird, which had been sitting on 4 eggs, in the valley of the 

 Maalselv: the female was not observed. 



In most localities along the coast, small fiocks of sterile in- 

 dividuals (doubtless last years birds, as yet immature) are seen flying 

 about from place to place. InJuly, 1871, I examined at different 

 times several specimens from such a flock; they consisted of both males 



