344 



CONTENTS 



392. Regarded as a harmless species, 393. Abundance and habits in mushroom cellars 

 at Glen Cove, N. Y., 393. If desirable, they may be killed by pyrethrum water, 393. 

 Drawn by lighted lamps to pans of water and kerosene in France, 393. The " manure- 

 fly " apparently undescribed, 393. Is named Sciara coprophila n. sp., 394. Description 

 and figure of the larva, 394; of the pupa and imago, 395-6. Explanation of accompany- 

 ing plate, 396. 



Sciara caldaria n. sp., the Greenhouse Sciara 397 



Account of a fungus gnat infesting a greenhouse in Boise, Idaho, 397. Regarded by 

 the writer as injurious, 397. Fungus gnats are not known to be harmful in greenhouses, 

 397. General features of the Boise fly, 397. Description is given of it as Sciara cal- 

 daria n. sp., 398. Does this species shed its wings, as reported ? 398. Some reason for 

 accepting the statement, 398. Wingless insects, 398; winged and wingless in the same 

 species, 398. Wings of female ants torn off after the " marriage-flight" and return to 

 earth, 398. 



Ph:>r/l aoarici n. sp., the Mushroom Phora 399 



Mushroom cultivation impracticable during the summer months owing to insect 

 attack, 399. A small larva tunnels the stalk and pileus, 399. No means discovered for 

 overcoming the difficulty, 399. It may not occur when mushrooms are grown in deep 

 dark caves in Europe, 399. The injury not chargeable upon any of the fungus gnats, 

 399. Complaint of it has frequently been made by Mr. Falconer, an extensive mush- 

 room-grower, 399 . The larva characterized by him as ' ' the maggot "— had never known 

 of its identification, 399. Notice of some diseased and infested mushrooms, 400. 

 Mushrooms containing "the maggot " received from Mr. Falconer, 400. Two insects 

 reared from them, 400. The puparium of the one is figured, 400. The other proved to 

 be a species of Phora, in all probability undescribed, 400. Named and described as 

 Phora agarici n. sp.,401. Description of the larva, puparium and imago, 401. Com- 

 pared with Phora sttacea Aldrich, 402. Peculiar wing-pores described and figured, 402, 

 403. Similar wing-pores found in Sciara coprophila, 403. Mr. Crawford on " wing- 

 pores in veins of Diptera," 403. Perhaps homologous with Jurine's " bullae" in wings 

 of some Hymenoptera, 403. The extent to which the Phora larvae infest mushrooms, 

 cultivated and wild, 403. For killing the larvae pyrethrum is recommended, either in the 

 powder, or made into dampened cones and burned or applied to the soil in solution, 404. 

 Some literature of Phora cited, 404, 405. Explanation of plate, 405. 



Agrilus ruficollis, the Gouty-Gall Beetle 406 



Severe attack of the insect on raspberry canes in Delmar, N. Y., 406. Another at 

 Athens, N. Y., 406. The remedy, cutting off and burning the infested canes, 406. 

 Attacks the dewberry in Ohio, 407. A chief pest of the blackberry in New Jersey, 407. 

 Where the egg is deposited, 407. How long the beetles are abroad, 407. The beetle is 

 rarely taken in New York, 407. Reference to an account of the transformations of the 



