REPORT OF THE 8TATE ENTOMOLOGI8T 



373 



Remedies for the Grub. 



First. Cultivate skunks, which are invaluable as hunters and 

 destroyers of the grubs and their pupae. Where they are left alone and 

 protected and given convenient hiding and breeding places they will 

 visit and clear every infested hill in a hop-yard. 



Second. Search for and destroy the pupae in early spring, which will 

 involve but little labor when grubbing and cleaning the roots. A lit- 

 tle experience will render them readily recognizable. They are formed 

 in a rude earthen cell lying close to the roots. The pupa is an inch or 

 more in length, stout, of a cylindro-conical shape, and of a deep-brown 

 or blackish color. [By examining it, as in others of the same group of 

 moths, the position of the future wings and legs will be found upon it, 

 held firmly together, while the several rings of the abdomen can be 

 made to move slightly upon one another.] 



Third. Destroy the young grubs while tip-worms and in the " muffle- 

 heads" when the vines commence to climb and the growers are begin- 

 ning to tie. Do this by picking off the " muffle-heads " and by pinch- 

 ing between the fingers the contained larva. As the larva3 only 

 remain in the head for about a week, by going through the field every 

 second day and picking the muffle-heads as they appear, a yard of 

 considerable extent can be cleared with little trouble. 



Fourth. If the above have failed, then expose the roots for a few 

 days in early June, after the larvae have come to the ground, by draw- 

 ing away enough earth to expose the junction of the growing vine with 

 the old root. This will force the grubs to enter the ground to feed on 

 the old roots where they will do little harm. After five or six days' 

 exposure apply a handful of a mixture of c >al and wood ashes or 

 ammoniated phosphate, and hill high. This will cause the vine to throw 

 out rootlets above the main root to sustain the vine while the grub 

 may be working below. 



Nothing that seems to promise better than the above has been pro- 

 posed by later writers, if, indeed, anything in addition has been given. 



Gortyna cataphracta Grote. 

 As a Raspberry-cane Borer. 

 (Ord. Lepidoptera: Fam. Noctuidje.) 

 A raspberry cane was brought by State Botanist Peck on June 19 

 from his garden at Menands which had been bored upward for five 

 inches, with the six inches of the tip beyond bending over. The larva 



