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NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Randolph,, Cattaraugus Co. J. Turner owns a brick clay 

 deposit at this town, but has ceased working it. 



Hornellsville, Steuben Co. The Hornellsville Brick & Tile Co. 

 has its works at the north end of the town and have only 

 been running one season. They use a Devonian shale for 

 making brick, and have turned their attention thus far to paving 

 brick. The shale is mined about a mile from the works. It 

 contains several thin layers of sandstone which can not be used. 

 The process as followed here consists of grinding the shale in a 

 dry pan, molding in stiff mud side cut machine and then re- 

 pressing. Drying takes about 24 hours, and is done in chambers 

 heated by a hot blast. Burning is done in down-draft cupola 

 kilns and takes seven to 10 days. The paving brick are in 

 extensive use in Elmira. 



An analysis of this clay made by C. Richardson in the office of 

 the engineering commissioners, at Washington, showed : 



Silica 64.45 



Alumina 17.77 



Peroxide of iron 7 . 04 



Lime 58 



Magnesia 1.85 



Potash 2.52 



Soda 1.95 



Insol. in acid 88.74 



W. H. Signor owns the other yard at Hornellsville. His clay 

 bank is owned by M. Adsit. It is a shallow deposit, not over 

 seven feet thick and underlain by quicksand, this latter allowing 

 the inflow of water from the neighboring stream. The bricks 

 are molded by an auger machine, dried in the sun and burnt in 

 scove kilns, the burning occupying about seven days. 



Alfred, Steuben Co. Rock Cut Clay Co. This is another yard 

 using a shale, which is in the same geological horizon as that 

 at Hornellsville. The works are on the Erie R. R. a few hundred 

 yards south of the station. They have but recently commenced 

 operations. A dry clay brick is being made. A peculiarity in the 

 dry clay process as practised here, is that the clay is molded a 

 trifle damp, it being thought that this will preserve the corners. 



