226 



NEW YOKE STATE M7SEUM 



Sewer Fipes 



Sewer pipes are made from a clay that will vitrify. There are 

 several works in this state which import their clay from New 

 Jersey. The two works described below use native cla} T . 



Angola. John Lyth & Sons. The works are situated along 

 the Lake Shore K. It. some few hundred feet southwest of the 

 station. The material used is a Hamilton shale, of a gray color 

 and containing streaks of bituminous matter. It is mined about 

 200 feet east of the factory, and a small blast serves to loosen a 

 large quantity of it. Cars drawn by horses convey the shale to 



Press for sewer pipe, tile and hollow brick 



the dry pans where it is ground to a fine powder and is then 

 further ground] with the addition of water in a wet pan. The 

 tempered material is then carried in a bucket ladder to the upper 

 floor of the building where it is fed into the sewer pipe press. 

 This consists of two vertical cylinders separated by iron frames. 

 The upper cylinder contains the steam piston and is about 30 

 inches in diameter. The lower one is the clay cylinder. The 

 area of the steam cylinder is usually several times greater than 

 the area of the clay cylinder. The clay piston is a continuation 

 of the steam one, and within the clay cylinder at its lower end 

 is the bell which regulates the internal size of the pipe. Sockets 



