THE SAN JOSE SCALE 



293 



Plate VII), it is also recorded as producing eggs. Dr. Riley has 

 stated of it (Joe. cit.) — "specimens examined in December, 1879, 

 showed that the mature females were hibernating, and that with 

 some of them were found a few eggs and recently hatched larva3 : n 

 on the authority of Professor Comstock (liept. Commis. Agricvl. 

 for 1880, p. 305), "the eggs are white:" Matthew Cooke has writ- 

 ten (Inj. Lis. Orchard, Vineyard etc., 18S3, p. 62) — "each 

 female produces from thirty -five to fifty eggs : " W. G. Klee, State 

 Inspector of Fruit Pests in California, states (Bien. Bejpt. St. Bd. 

 Horticid. Cat. for 1S85 and 1S8G, page 373) — " eggs, thirty to fifty 

 produced by each female ; color yellow ; form ovate : " Mr. C. II. T. 

 Townsend, formerly of the iSTew Mexico Agricultural Experiment 

 Station, states of the eggs — "According to Comstock, the eggs are 

 white; but according to my own observation, they turn to an 

 orange-yellow color in the spring. They hatch here about the first 

 or second week in May" {Bulletin No. 7 New Mexico Agr. Exper. 

 St., June, 1892, p. 7). Other writers have also mentioned the eggs. 

 As opposed to this, however, — in colonies of the scale carried over on 

 potted pear trees in the Insectary of the Entomological Division at 

 Washington during the winter of 1893-4, although watched with 

 care and subjected to daily observation, — in no instance were eggs 

 seen (Insect Life, vii, p. 287). 



Early in June, ordinarily, in Xew York and New Jersey, the 

 young escape from underneath the scale, and for a short time may 

 be seen traveling actively over the branches, when they fasten them- 

 selves to the bark and commence to secrete a scale. They are not 

 all given out at the same time, even the members of the same family. 

 How long the hibernating female continues to reproduce, is not 

 known. It is thought by Dr. Smith that it may extend over the 

 greater part of the summer, and until " their grand-daughters are 

 already full-grown with nearly full-grown progeny : there may be, 

 therefore, upon a plant at one time, young born of as many as three 

 or even four distinct generations." Certain it is that examination 

 of an infested orchard will show the presence of the young trav- 

 eling insects at any one time from early June until nearly the 

 last of autumn. On some pieces of twigs cut in Mr. Morrell's 

 orchard on November 1st, the little yellow young were seen in 

 motion two days thereafter in my office. It is probable that the 



