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NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Champlain to the St. Lawrence ; and there are quarries in the 

 towns of Malone, Bangor and Moira in Franklin county ; in 

 Potsdam and Hammond in St. Lawrence county ; and in Clay- 

 ton, Jefferson county. In parts of Clinton county the stone is 

 too friable for building. 



The most extensive openings are near Potsdam, and the stone 

 is hard, compact and even-grained, and pink to red in color. 

 Some of it has a laminated structure and striped appearance. It 

 is an excellent building stone and is widely known and esteemed 

 for its beauty and durability. 



The Hammond quarries produce a gray to red stone. Nearly 

 all of the output is cut into paving blocks and. street material. 



Hudson River Group. 



The rocks of this group outcrop in Orange county, northwest 

 of the Highlands and in the valley of the Hudson river north- 

 ward to the Champlain valley in Washington county. From the 

 Hudson westward the Mohawk valley is partly occupied by 

 them. The belt increases in breadth, thence in a northwest 

 course across Oneida, Oswego and Lewis counties, and continues 

 to Lake Ontario. 



The rocks consist of shales and slates, sandstones and silicious 

 conglomerates. The slates are noticed under the heading slates, 

 and in the notes on quarry districts. 



The sandstones are generally fine-grained and of light-gray or 

 greenish gray color. They are often argillaceous and not adapted 

 for building purposes. But the even bedded and well-marked 

 jointed structure makes the quarrying comparatively easy, and 

 the nearness to lines of transportation, and to the cities of the 

 Hudson and Mohawk valleys have stimulated the opening of 

 quarries at many points 



For common rubble work* and for local uses the quarries in 

 this formation have furnished a large amount of stone. The 

 more important quarrying centers are now at Rhinecliff-on the- 

 Hudson, New Baltimore and Troy, in the Hudson valley ; at 

 Aqueduct, Schenectady and Duanesburg, Schenectady county ; 

 and Frankfort Hill, Oneida county. 



* Prof. Amos Eaton gave the name of " rubble stone" to the sandstone in the upper part of 

 the formation. 



