440 



NEW YORK STATE MU8EUM 



George & Griffith of Utica. The covering of soil and earth is 

 light, and is thrown into the gorge with waste rock. The beds 

 lie nearly horizontal and are thin so as to be cut to advantage for 

 platforms, flagging-stone, lintels, sills and water-tables. The 

 stone is carted to Prospect station, one and a half miles, and 

 there shipped. 



A representative specimen of the best stone from the quarry of 

 Evan T. Thomas was found to have a specific gravity of 2.725 

 and a weight per cubic foot of 169.8 pounds. The percentage of 

 lime 53.10 found, indicates 94.82 per cent, of calcium carbonate. 

 The absorption percentage is 0.14. The freezing and thawing 

 tests produced no apparent change ; heating to l k 2OO°-140O° F., 

 and cooling suddenly made it a crumbling mass of lime. 



The stone of these quarries is known as " Trenton gray lime- 

 stone." It has been employed extensively in Utica, Rome, 

 Norwich and other places. Examples of it are in the United 

 States Government building, in St. John's Roman Catholic and 

 in St. Paul's Lutheran churches in Utica ; in the Roman Catholic 

 churches at Little Falls and at Sandy Hill ; and in the Methodist 

 Episcopal church in Herkimer. Some of the stone is cut at 

 Utica into monumental bases. The best cut stone is gray in color 

 and sub-crystalline in texture. 



It fades after long exposure to the atmosphere and loses its 

 freshness of surface. 



Ley den, Lewis County. — Blue limestone has been quarried 

 near Talcottville, on Sugar river at Ley den station, and near 

 Port Ley den. Much stone for canal lock construction has been 

 obtained at some of the Leyden quarries. 



Lowville, Lewis County. — L. H. Carter and Hiram Gowdy 

 have quarries southeast of the village, and east of the R., W. & 

 O. R. R. line. The geological horizon is that of the Trenton and 

 Birds-eye limestones. The beds are nearly horizontal, and some of 

 them are two to three feet thick. The heavy beds furnish stone 

 for bridge abutments. 



The Lowville stone is generally much darker in shade than the 

 Prospect stone and 1 >oks well when fine-tooled. The principal 

 market is Lowville and adjoining towns. Much of the stone has 

 been used on the U. & B. R. branch in bridge abutments. 



