Uatden .^ucceid Begins with 



Good Seed, Proper Planting, and Care 



* Preparing the Soil 



A rich sandy loam is well adapted to gardening. 

 Other kinds of soil are suitable, but stiff clays need 

 plenty of fibrous material and must be thoroughly 

 broken up. Sandy soils generally need additional 

 fertilizing. 



For general use, where well-rotted stable manure 

 is not available, a commercial fertilizer containing 

 4 per cent nitrates, 12 per cent phosphate, and 4 to 6 

 per cent potash is usually best. Apply at the rate of 

 about 4 pounds to the square rod (163^ ft. x 16}^ ft.). 



When the garden soil is slightly moist and crtunhly in 

 your hand, it is in good U'orking condition 



Work the soil deeply and make the top 3 or 4 inches 

 as fine and loose as possible. Much weed killing can 

 be done by hoeing or raking just before planting. 

 Do not work clay soils when they are wet enough to 

 stick to rake or hoe. 



* Planting 



xAt time of planting seed in the open ground, the 

 soil should be moist but never wet, when avoidable. 

 To retain moisture after planting, cover seed imme- 

 diately with fine, freshly prepared earth and press it 

 down firmly and smoothly. This firming of the soil 

 brings the particles of earth into close contact with 

 seeds, prevents drying out, and facilitates growth. 



Plant from the Ferry packet by tapping gently 



with the forefinger; it helps distribute the seeds 



evenly in the row 



Plant at a time when the atmospheric and soil 

 temperatures are most favorable for germination of 

 the kind of seed to be sown. The best temperature 

 for each kind may be learned from study of our cul- 

 tural directions and zonal charts and by inquiring 

 of successful gardeners in your neighborhood. 



The proper depth for covering seed varies with the 

 different kinds of seeds and conditions of soil. This 

 can be learned best through practical experience. 



When planting seed, the soil must be loose and 

 soft so that the tender stems of seedlings can easily 

 push through, and the young roots quickly find plant 

 food. This is usually secured by careful preparation 

 of the soil and by not planting fine seeds when the 

 ground is wet. 



* Cultivating 



Stirring the surface soil during the period of growth 

 kills weeds, loosens the ground so as to encourage 

 root development, allows air to enter, and helps to 

 conserve moisture. Cultivation may be deep at first, 

 but as the plants grow it should be more shallow to 

 avoid injury to the roots. 



* Watering 



When plants need artificial watering, the best hours 

 of the day for it are early morning or evening. The 

 roots, however, may be watered at any time. One 

 good soaking is better than many light sprinklings. 



