D. M. FERRY & GO'S 



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In transplanting the main points to be rcf^arded are, cai^e in taking up the 

 plants so as to avoid injur}- to the roots, planting firmly so as to enable the plant 

 to take a secure hold of the soil, reducing the top to prevent evaporation, and 

 shading to prevent the hot sun from withering and blighting the leaves. Trans- 

 planting should be done just at evening, or innnediately before or after a rain. 

 Give each plant a gill of water, and shade with a shingle. 



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The best time to water plants, is at sunrise, or just at evening, and always 

 use rain water when it is to be had. If well water nnist be used, it should be 

 exposed to the sun a day or two, till it rises to the temperature of the air, before 

 it is applied. Water may be given to the roots at any time, but should never be 

 sprinkled over the leaves in a hot sun, for it will make them blister and become 

 covered with brown spots wherever the water touches. If watering a plant has 

 been commenced, keep on until the necessity ce~ses, or more injury than good 

 will result from it ; one copiou . watering is better than a little and often. The 

 use of the hoe should always follow the water pot, as soon as the ground becomes 

 dry. 



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As different plants appropriate different substances, the rotation of crops 

 has considerable influence in retaining the fertility of the soil. If the same kind 

 of plants are continued upon the same soil, only a portion of the properties of 

 the manure applied is used, while, by a judicious rotation, everything in the soil 

 or in the manure suitable for vegetable food, is taken up and appropriated by 

 the crop. Another reason for rotation of crops is, that some crops are so favor- 

 able to the weeds that if continued long upon the same ground, the labor of 

 cultivating them is much increased, while if raised but once in a place, and fol- 

 lowed by a cleaning crop, the weeds are easily kept under. Again, many crops 

 planted continually in the same soil, are more liable to be attacked by the 

 insects which arc the peculiar enemies of tho.:c plants ; and different plants 

 derive their principal nourishment from different depths of soil. Hence, deep- 

 rooted plants, such as Beets, Carrots, Parsneps, Salsify, Turnips, etc., should be 

 followed by those whose roots extend but little helow the surface, such as Onions, 

 Lettuce, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Spinage, etc. However plentiful manure may 

 be, a succession of exhausting crops should not be grown upon the same bed. 

 In these rotations, it is not necessary to apply manure to eveiy crop ; for bulb- 

 ous roots, as the Onion, and plants cultivated for their leaves, as Spinage and 

 Asparagus, the ground can scarcely be too rich, and the bulk of the manure may 

 be applied to them, 



There are but few gardens in our western country, that would not be materially 

 oenefitted by being thoroughly underdrained with round, brick tile, two or three 

 inches in diameter, laid say three feet deep, and from one to two rods apart, and 

 inclined so as to carry off the surface water from the subsoil. The result would 



