162 



PEOF. ST. GEOEGE MIVAET ON 



Hertwig considers the capsule of Collozown to be a multinu- 

 cleate cell or syncytium, and agrees with Schneider in thinking 

 that it answers to that part of the sarcode of a Toraminifer which 

 lies within the shell. He considers, therefore, that it is not " an 

 organ," and certainly not a " generative organ." 



He says that the capsules multiply themselves by division ; but 

 he denies that Haeckel was right in considering the multiplication 

 of contained oil-globules to be a sign of the process, as it occurs 

 also in the beginning of zoospore-formatiou. 



He thinks, however, that capsule-division is preceded by mul- 

 tiplication of nuclei, because in a dividing biscuit-shaped capsule 

 he found at each end of it a heap of nuclei equal to the entire 

 mass of nuclei contained in the smallest single capsules. He does 

 not accept Haeckel's inferred process of endogenous cell-forma- 

 tion, but deems the appearances seen by Haeckel to be really due 

 to different progressive steps in one process of zoospore-formation. 



New colonies, he tells us, may more or less certainly be formed 

 in three ways : — 



(1) Probably by fission, inferred from the chain-like aspect 

 of some colonies, as before stated. 



(2) Possibly by the separation of small portions — a process the 

 existence of which was suspected by Miiller and Haeckel 

 from the finding of single capsules devoid of alveoli. 



(3) Certainly by zoospore-formation. 



It appears to take a capsule several weeks to become ripe for 

 zoospore-formation, and there seems to be various individual pe- 

 culiarities in the process. 



Cienkowski noticed in Collozoum, as before said, that some cap- 

 sules contained crystalline rods within them, while other capsules 

 did not contain any such bodies. Harmonizing with this, the 

 specimens of Collozoum examined by Hertwig showed two different 

 kinds of zoospore-formation, one with, the other without crystals. 



Zoospores with Crystals. 



In this kind of reproduction we have in the first stage small 

 capsules containing good-sized nuclei, which subdivide and become 

 heaped together medianly, leaving a space, containing oil-globules, 

 between them and the capsular membrane*. Then fatty granules 

 and whetstone-like crystals become distinguishable, the crystals 



* Hertwig, pi. i. fig. 1 . 



