NEW EISIIES OF INDIA. 



529 



head and the middle of the length of the body, posterior to which 

 they become vertical bands, two thirds as wide as the ground-colour ; 

 each lobe of caudal with three or four oblique black bands, and a 

 deep black spot at the centre of the base of the fin; dorsal yellow, 

 with an orange spot at its anterior superior margin, and two wide 

 black bands along it ; anal with one black band. 

 Habitat. Bowany river. Twenty-one specimens up to *2\ inches col- 

 lected. 



Nemacheilus chryseus, sp. nov. 

 B. III. D 2/8, P. 11, V. 9, A 2/5, C. 19. 



Length of head nearly \, of caudal }, height of body | of the total 

 length. Eyes in the commencement of the anterior half of the head, 

 1 diameter apart. The width of the head equals its length without 

 the snout. Preorbital not enlarged. Barbels six, all short; the 

 maxillary pair the longest, but not equalling 1 diameter of the orbit 

 in length. Fins: the dorsal commences slightly nearer to the snout 

 than to the base of the caudal, its upper edge straight, and its height 

 equal to three fourths of that of the body below it ; pectoral as long 

 as the head, and extending two thirds of the distance to the base of 

 the ventral, which latter reaches three fourths of the way to the 

 anal ; anal fin does not extend to the caudal if laid flat ; the latter 

 fin with pointed lobes in its last fourth. Scales small but distinct. 

 Lateral line complete. Free portion of tail as high as long. Colours : 

 golden ; in the immature about ten greyish vertical bands, wider than 

 the ground-colour, exist between the commencement of the dorsal fin 

 and the tail ; dorsal fin with three or four rows of fine spots ; caudal 

 with a black bar at its base, and eight or ten vertical sinuous rows of 

 spots on its lobes ; in the adult the body is very indistinctly banded, 

 but its upper half has numerous black spots. 



Habitat. Bowany river. Three specimens up to 2 T \ inches collected. 



Amongst the sharks of Malabar, the Carcharias melanopterus, 

 Quoy and Gaim., appears to be the most common of the larger 

 sorts ; whilst on the Madras coast it is comparatively rare. It 

 attains many feet in length. Its liver is largely used in the pre- 

 paration of fish-oil. 



Carcharias malabaricus, sp. nov. 



Width of head equals its length from end of snout to angle of mouth. 

 Snout nearly as long as the mouth is wide. No labial fold except a 

 groove at the angle of the mouth. Teeth : upper ones oblique, trian- 

 gular, with rather enlarged bases, serrated in the whole extent of 

 their cusps, twenty-eight ; teeth in the lower jaw erect, slender, lan- 

 ceolate, not serrated, and having broad bases. Fins : the posterior 

 end of the base of the dorsal fin is the same distance from the ventral 



