158 



PROF. E. VON MARTENS ON THE SHELLS 



break up this chain into several distinct species, but shall enume- 

 rate the different forms as varieties, and quote for each the corre- 

 sponding figures in published conchological works. The following 

 characters are common to all these forms : — 



(1) A prominent, somewhat mammillate apex with moderately 

 deep sutures and moderately vaulted, worD, reddish-brown surface 

 of the upper whorls. 



(2) Faint spiral striae, sometimes almost imperceptible, and 

 rather coarse, often wrinkle-like lines of growth on the last two 

 whorls. 



(3) The periphery of the shell is slightly keeled at the beginning 

 of the last whorl ; this angularity either remains throughout to 

 the aperture, or vanishes altogether in the larger part of the last 

 whorl. 



(4) The upper surface of the last two whorls is densely marked 

 with chestnut-brown, more or less dark, only there is a very 

 narrow pale or whitish bandlet just above the periphery ; the 

 lower surface of the last whorl is nearly continuously dark brown 

 near the periphery, then the brown is broken up into several 

 narrow bandlets separated by a whitish underground, and the 

 sides of the umbilicus are whitish, with or without brown 

 bandlets. 



(5) The peristome thickened, reflected, and in most of the 

 specimens distinctly double ; its colour varies from pure yellow 

 to pale scarlet. The aperture is somewhat more broad than 

 high. 



(a) typicus : depressus, umbilico perlato, subangulato ; sub- 

 carinatus, subtus maxima ex parte albus, peristomate intense 

 aurantiaco. Diameter major testae 55-60, altitudo 33-36, 

 aperturao (incluso peristomate) diameter 28-31, altitudo 

 27-30 millim. (PI. XIV. figs. 1, 2.) 

 Chemnitz, Conchy lien- Cabinet, vol. ix. figs. 1064, 1065, copied in the 

 new edition by Kiister and Pfeiffer, Cyclostoma, pi. 4. figs. 8, 9. Type 

 of Annularia aurantiaca, Schumacher, 1817. 

 The figures are drawn from a specimen found on Salang Island 

 by Capt. John Weber, and preserved in the Zoological Museum 

 of Berlin, for comparison's sake, as specimens of this extreme 

 form have not been found in the localities explored by Dr. Ander- 

 son. The locality of the original specimen, described by Chem- 

 nitz, cannot be ascertained. JNcvill, Hand-list, i. p. 266, mentions 

 it from Mouhncin and l J e//u. 



