dangered trees was an oak grown from an acorn taken from 

 the tree over Confucius' grave, memorial trees honoring 

 Presidents Hayes and Garfield, and trees planted by, or 

 honoring, several members of Congress/' 30 



Initially, the protesters prevailed and a temporary 

 restraining order was issued in October 1907 postponing the 

 construction of the Grant Memorial indefinitely. 31 The 

 controversy was to be drawn out for more than another 

 decade, but in the end the Memorial was erected exactly as 

 planned with a lone concession being made to the 

 protesters— the relocation, in April 1908, of three memorial 

 trees: the Crittenden oak, Shepherd elm, and Beck elm 32 



Altogether, twenty-one years would elapse between 

 congressional authorization of the Grant Memorial and the 

 actual completion of the project. All the long delay did was 

 postpone the inevitable relocation of the Botanic Garden. 

 Early in the 1920s, more than 200 trees on the grounds of 

 the Garden were destroyed, William Smith's little red-brick 

 cottage was razed, and the greenhouses were dismantled 

 to make way for the Grant Memorial. 33 Then in 1926, Con- 

 gress provided for the removal of the remainder of the 

 Garden's buildings and the Bartholdi Fountain. 34 



Five years later, in November 1931, the cornerstone was 

 laid for the Garden's new conservatory at Maryland Avenue 

 and First Street, Southwest. The following year the Bartholdi 

 Fountain was taken out of storage and placed in the square 

 across Independence Avenue from the Conservatory in what 

 is today called Bartholdi Park. 35 



30 Byrd, Botanic Garden, p. S803. 



31 Sherrill, The Grant Memorial, p. 52. 



32 Ibid., p. 53. Each tree is discussed in Appendix 4. 



33 Byrd, Botanic Garden, p. S803. 



34 44 Stat. 932. See also U.S. Congress, Joint Committee on the Library, 

 Enlarging and Relocating the United States Botanic Garden, Report to 

 Accompany S. 4153, Senate Report No. 748, 69th Cong., 1st Sess., 

 Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1926 (Serial No. 8526); and U.S. Con- 

 gress, Joint Committee on the Library, Enlarging and Relocating the United 

 States Botanic Garden, Senate Document No. 208, 69th Cong., 2d Sess., 

 Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1927 (Serial No. 8713). 



35 The garden was named the Frederic Auguste Bartholdi Park by the 

 Joint Committee on the Library in 1985. 



41 



