AVKATIIKII onSEIiVA'IlONS IN VIRCIMA. 



2-] 



weather observations are taken is Noi t'olk, N'a., about 40 luilos distant. 

 The following- table gives tlie weatlier record at that point. This will 

 serve only as a gerieral index to the weather at Chestnut Farm. 



Taiu-e 2.— Weather record at Xorfolk, Frt., April, 







J)iiy <>'" 



Teinpeiatiire. 



Eainfall. 



niuiith. 



Maxiiiiiini. 



J\J laiiiunn. 



Jvlf an. 









J)t'[irc('s F. 



Degree,'; F. 

 50 



inchen. 



1 



04 



47 





2 



75 



5:1 



04 





'3 



80 



59 



70 





4 



78 



03 



70 





5 



8:{ 



(12 







G 



77 



07 









(iO 



4'.> 



58 





8 



70 



49 



00 





9 



5G 



45 



5.) 



0.05 



10 



50 



33 



42 



1.81 



11 



54 



33 



44 



1. 00 



12 



51 



4: 



40 





K5 



59 



40 



50 





U 



63 



45 



54 



0.10 



15 



49 





40 



0. 28 



1(5 



GO 



% 



48 ■ 





17 



m 





50 





18 



m 



47 



58 



0.71 



19 



54 



45 



50 



1. 00 



20 



52 



40 



49 



0. 49 



21 





48 





0. 24 



22 



ll 



59 



OS 



0. 88 



ii} 



()4 



55 



00 



1..58 



24 



()8 



50 



59 





25 



52 



46 



49 



0. 09 



The orchard is situated on the south bank of the James River, from 

 50 to CO feet above tide. Its altitude, therefore, is nearly the same as 

 that of Norfolk. The i)roxin]ity to the ocean and other w^aters would 

 undoubtedly render i^orfolk several degrees warmer than Chestnut 

 Farm, at least when it comes to the minimum temperature. Probably 

 the minimum s were at least 3^ to 5^ lower there than at Norfolk. At 

 any rate it certainly reached the freezing point in the orchard April 

 10 and 11, on which dates the Norfolk minimum was only 33°. 



The warm weather hastened the opening (^f the cluster buds, so that 

 when the frost came, on the night of April 0, the indi vidual flower buds 

 Avere exposed and showed the white petals. A second, though less 

 severe freeze, occurred on the niglit of Aj)ril 10. This was a pretty 

 severe test on the young buds. The frost in many instances killed the 

 young ovules, and in severe cases killed the pistils, but even these 

 flowers opened and had their petals, stamens, and other parts unin- 

 jured. None of the floAvers Avere frozen to death. The trees most 

 injured were those around the edges and on low x>laces in the orchard, 

 and also those with little vegetative vigor. There Avere many trees on 

 which no injury Avas api)arent. 



That the majority of the Bartlett floAvers Avere not chilled badly 

 encmgh to be necessarily rendered fruitless may be confldently asserted 

 from the following fa(?ts: (1) The few trees of other varieties that 

 occurred on the farm (Anjou, Sheldon, Lawrence, Kiefler, and White 



