fctJDHISM. 



95 



existence through many calpas, together with their causes 

 and circumstances. 



He then with a clear and godlike vision, transcending 

 that of men, beheld Beings dying or being born* noble or 

 base, beautiful or deformed; marked their conduct and its 

 results. Having thus attained to a high degree of wisdom, 

 he afterwards ascertained the causes of sorrow and conti- 

 nued existence, and the mode in which the series of existence 

 and the wretchedness connected with it might for ever cease* 

 When he had obtained this knowledge he became a Budha, 

 perfect in wisdom, purity and knowledge, and the chief of 

 all existing beings from, the highest Brahma world to the 

 lowest hell ; rendering honor to no one as his superior, but 

 being worthy of receiving supreme honor from all. 



We shall now briefly notice his teaching relative to the 

 system of the universe, embracing its inhabitants ; and 

 afterwards consider his metaphysical and moral doctrines. 



four, but he had also acquired the three Wijja. In this he 



had succeeded during the same night; he sat down at the foot of 

 the Bo tree determined to become Buddha; the night was divided, 

 into three watches. During the first watch, he recalled to mind 

 previous states of existence; one state of existence, two states born 

 in such a place, having such a name, such a tribe, and so on to 

 thousands of births. During the second watch he beheld beings 

 dying, existing, and so on. During the third watch, at the 

 time of dawn, he attained the third Wijja, by which he was not 

 only freed from passion, but also obtained the knowledge of the 

 four grand truths : 1, g£5$Q Dukkha — That every existing thing is 

 a source of sorrow: 2, es§^ Samuda — That continual sorrow re- 

 sults from a continual attachment to existing objects : 3, ^(^dSS) 

 Nirodha — That a freedom from this attachment liberates from exis- 

 tence: and 4, ©cooo Magga— -The path leading to this state. The 

 action of the §d^3 is compared to the action of a chicken, which 

 by successive operations cleaves the shell and comes forth " -8gS3q>3 

 €»a pastoefite© q^a)G^3 ssSsoo Kukktachehapakassewa andak- 

 k6samha.ty.-~ As the chicken from the egg." 



