178 



journal e. a. s, (ceylon). [Vol. VII., Pt. 111. 



When in this condition a Buddhist is Jivan Mukta, one who 

 is emancipated while living, he is Bhavit A'tman, one who is 

 unlocalized and universalised. He has yet, however, to live for 

 some time and his accumulated activity is to be consumed by 

 dint of mere living. When .the accumulated activity is thus 

 exhausted, he is completely emancipated when he dies, i.e., when 

 his peri-spirit (the Pafichaskandhas) fall to pieces, and when it 

 can no longer act. The first condition is characterised as 

 Upadisesa Nibbanam. A Buddhist is an Arhat. He is in the 

 fourth Path. He is a perfect Yogi, He can perform miracles, 

 fie lives in a condition of beatitude. He lives on the earth 

 merely to live out his last portion of earthly existence. The 

 last condition — the condition of an Arhat after his death is 

 characterised as Anupadisesa Nibbanam. The Yoga system of 

 Indian philosophy throws a flood of light on this view of 

 Nibbana. A perfect Yogi ecstatically declares he has only to 

 pass a few days of his last earthly existence in sportiveness. 

 " Emancipation is my wedded spouse/' * 



XVI. Anupadisesa Nibbana. — Perfect Nibbana is charac- 

 terised in the following way by the Buddhists : — " A condition 

 (Padam) permanent (Achchutam), infinite (Achchautam), uncord- 

 ditioned (Asankhatam), highest (Anuria ram) — Nibbanam this 

 say the great sages (Mahesayo) who are delivered from all 

 desire (Vanamukta)." t I attach some importance to the term 

 Viharati % "lives in sportiveness" used in the Mahanibbana 

 Sutta. " Again a Yogi free from desire, from the sight of 

 existence, sees the Sankhara as nihil ; (sees) the Skandhayata- 

 nani, and Dhatavat as nihil (both) spiritually and materially ; 

 sees (all) realities distinctly as infinite (Analaya) and known by 

 the properties of ether (A'kasa) and of the law of Buddha 

 (Dharma)." § "Emancipation is the result of the extinction of 

 all desire, the consequence of thought and feeling." || I have 

 * See the Abhangas of Tukarama. 



j See the 6th Parichheda of the ABhidhammattha Sangaha. 

 \ See page 30 of Childer's edition. 

 § See the Lalita Vistara Chap. XIII. 



|| This statement is made by Maclhav Sayana. a scholiast and an author- 

 ity in Indian Philosophy. See his Sarva Darsana Sangraha — Bauddha Darsana. 



