No. 25—1882.] SINHALESE AND ARYAN VERNACULARS. 235 



it into s, the Sinhalese rejecting the first part, and taking the 

 vowel alone, and inserting a cS, y, to avoid the hiatus. 



The c3, y, in.zsidS, Jcarayi, &c, is an augment and not a 

 substitute for 2T>, £. We have in <&zs?®&, herd, ye.,and ® C, cti, 

 other forms of the above verbs, meaning "he does," "he ..goes" 

 and "he gives." Here we find the i, without the c3, y. By 

 the rule of scmdhi ddigecornuvri, the vowel <§>, i, following the 

 «, in sad, &ara, z55# + qp + §, becomes 6, <?, that 



is to say, both the ^, a, and <§►, i, are lost, and €>, <?, is substi- 

 tuted in their place ; hence the word 25^3, /car*?, and by the 

 force of the vowel "6, in G»v£,.n/, the word becomes ®zS)®3, 

 jbr^, "he does" ; similarly c5 + ^ + <|5, y+a+i, becomes &Z$,ye, 

 "he goes" ; and <ef+qp + <£, d+a+i, becomes de, "he gives." 



Now, although we never write 25} <5^, torn, cc^, yai, and 

 d<?z, but 255(55, ftarayi,' yai, and 6^8, e%^, yet they are 



pronounced 255^, torn, 029, yew, and (5^<&», cfeij as if they 

 had been written so. This also is proof that the c6 r y, is merely 

 an augment. 



In the book language we have the following terminations :— - 

 Singular. 



Present, Future 



1. 3S3d©, karami, " I do." <83d^®#5§), karannemi, il I will do " 



2. 0»8a©deS, kerehi, "You do." «sd^©<SD£S, karannehi, " You will do." 



3. <§tfS!<§\&, here, " He does. " 3Si6s5®&$, karanne, " He will do." 



1. ^©cS®, fcafcrni, "I did." 



2. ©S55©<§<8, " You did." 



3. ©kS3©^7 " He did." 



But in the spoken language these perhaps were found to 

 be a great encumberance, and a form 255<5^S>3, karadwd, has 

 come to be used in the present and future tenses without any 

 distinction as to number or person : and it is now necessary to 

 say ©2) 235d€^e)o, mama Icaranawd, "I do ;" 255<5<gf££)3, 

 ii Jcaranawd, "he does ;" ®© ®&5C) 2S><54^!^0, mama heta kara- 

 nawd, " I will do to-morrow." Sometimes 255du©, Jcardvi, and 

 satf-^So^a epi*S, karanawd eti } are used. The past tense in th© 



