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JOURNAL, E.A.S. (CEYLON). [VOL. X. 



a great variety of flowers, and several kinds of fruits, amongst which 

 the mango is very happily treated. 



But perhaps the most curious of the Bharahut sculptures are a few 

 scenes of broad humour, with elephants and monkeys as the only 

 characters. In two of these an elephant has been captured by a band of 

 monkeys, who have fastened a billet of wood along the inside of his 

 trunk so as to prevent him from moving it. Ropes are fastened to 

 his neck and body, the ends of which are pulled by monkeys, who are 

 walking and dancing in triumphal procession to the sound of shells and 

 cymbals played by other monkeys. The spirit of these scenes is very 

 droll. A third scene represents the monkeys holding a giant by the 

 nose with a pair of pincers, to which is fastened a rope dragged by an 

 elephant. The action and attitudes of the monkeys are very good. 

 The intention of all these designs is exceedingly spirited, but the 

 execution is coarse and weak. 



In the short inscriptions on the railing of the Bharahut stupa, I 

 find the names of the following places : Sugana, or Srughna ; Vedisa, or 

 Bhilsa ; Pdtaliputra, or Patna ; Kosdmhi, or Kosam ; NandinagariJca, 

 or Nander ; and Ndsiha, or Nasik ; besides a number of unknown places, 

 of which Asitamasd is most probably some town on the river Tamasd 

 or Tamas, the Tons of our maps. 



From these inscriptions also I have learned the names of several parts 

 of the Buddhist gateways and railings, one of which is a new word, or 

 at least a new form of word, not to be found in the dictionaries. 



On the top of Ldl Pahd?% or the " Red Hill," which overhangs Bhara- 

 hut, I obtained a rock inscription of one of the great Kalachuri Rajas, 

 Nara Sinha Deva, dated in Samvat (Sake) 909. Altogether Mr. Beglar 

 and I have collected about twenty inscriptions of the Kalachuris, who 

 took the titles of Chedindra and Chedinarendra, or " Lord of Chedi," 

 and called the era which they used the Chedi Samvat and the Kala- 

 churi Samvat 



I have also got an inscription of the great Chalukya Raja, Tribhu- 

 vana Malla, who began to reign in a.d. 1076, and reigned 51 years. 

 The inscription is dated in Sake 1008, or a.d. 1086, and the place of 

 its discovery, Sitabaldi, confirms the account of his having conducted 

 an expedition across the Narbada. 



« « « $ $ © 



Bharahut. 



A further examination of the inscriptions, and the receipt of Mr. 

 Beglar's report of the completion of the excavations, have made several 

 very valuable additions to my account of the Bharahut sculptures, of 

 which I will now give a brief description. 



A bas-relief, labelled with the name of Pasenajita, shows the well- 

 known King of Kosala in a chariot drawn by four horses proceeding to 

 pay his respects to the Buddhist Wheel symbol, which is appropriately 

 named Bhagavato dhamma chakam. 



