42 



NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



and limestone. Such till is commonly seen between Remsen, 

 Hinckley, Trenton and Steuben valley. The till is nearly always 

 covered with sand or sand and gravel. 



The best single exposure of glacial drift, including till at the bot- 

 tom, is at the sharp creek bend southwest of Hinckley [see pi. 9]. 

 The creek is rapidly cutting into the soft drift material and an ex- 

 cellent section over 200 feet thick is exposed. In the bed of the 

 stream here upper Trenton limestone outcrops. Resting directly 

 upon the limestone is a thin bed (1 or 2 feet thick) of stratified 

 sand clay. Above this comes a bed of bluish gray clay (till) full 

 of glaciated limestone boulders, together with some Adirondack 

 rocks. This bed makes up about \ of the total hight of the bank. 

 Then comes a mass of sand crudely stratified and cross-bedded, 

 with some gravel streaks and making up approximately \ the 

 hight of the bank. The upper \ of the section is made up of 

 coarse gravel showing crude stratification and cross-bedding. 



Till is also well shown at Remsen, east of Prospect and along the 

 streams, near the shale contact, north and northeast of Steuben 

 Valley. 



Kame-morainic deposits 



A broad belt of kame material extends across the map from 

 southeast to northwest. The width of this belt is generally 

 several miles and although it varies a good deal, and is of uncer- 

 tain extent, it is nevertheless a distinct feature of the region. 

 Strictly it must be regarded as a lateral moraine, but for most part 

 it partakes of the nature of a terminal moraine. The continuation 

 of this morainic belt southeastward across the Little Falls district 

 has been described by Cushing. 1 It also continues northwestward 

 across the Port Leyden district as is clearly shown upon the newly 

 published topographic map. Presumably this moraine was formed 

 near the edge of the ice sheet during a pause in its retreat as it 

 was melting and retreating southwestward from the Adirondacks. 

 The character and depth of the deposits argue for a nearly stationary 

 condition of the ice for a considerable length of time. Sometimes 

 the deposits show no signs of stratification but at other times a crude 

 stratification is clearly evident, hence the application of the term 

 " kame-moraine." The stratification indicates deposition in con- 

 nection with water, probably emerging from along the ice edge, 

 and whose currents were shifting. The familiar " knob and kettle '.' 

 structure of terminal moraine topography is often locally well de- 



. 1 Op. cit. p. 75. 



