166 



Report of the State Geologist. 



county, up into the Chemung on top of the high hill in Fenton and Kirkwood 

 townships, Broome county, to the northeast of Binghamton, is approximately 

 as follows : estimating the dip for the northern part of the Chenango valley 

 to be sixty feet to the mile, we would have a thickness of about 1,500 feet for 

 the Marcellus and Hamilton formations. To the east of Smyrna there are, 

 perhaps, twenty-five feet representing the Tully limestone and Genesee slate. 

 The Sherburne formation is 250 feet, the Ithaca 500 feet, or more, and the 

 Oneonta 550 feet thick ; while for the Chemung from Greene to the top of 

 the hill south of Port Crane, calling the dip 60 feet per mile, there are 1,225 

 feet, which result agrees quite well with the record of the well drilled at 

 Binghamton. 1 



The thickness of these formations may be more clearly and concisely 

 expressed in tabular form, as shown on the accompanying generalized section 

 of the Chenango valley. 



The Unadilla Valley Section. 



The courses of the Chenango and the first river to the east, the Unadilla, 

 are approximately parallel, and are, on the average, ten miles apart. For a 

 considerable distance the Unadilla river serves as the dividing line between 

 Chenango and Otsego counties. The general topographic features of the 

 two valleys are very similar, and they cross the same formations. 



Columbus. 



Columbus is the northeastern township of Chenango county, being 

 directly east of Sherburne, south of Brookfield, Madison county, and sepa- 

 rated by the Unadilla river on the east from Edmeston, Otsego county. 

 In describing the exposures of this township, we begin with those directly 

 east of the outcrops described near Harrisville, Sherburne township and, con- 

 tinuing eastward, follow somewhat closely the line of separation between 

 the Hamilton and Sherburne formations. 



XIX B % . Fast of Harrisville, along the main road from Sherburne to 

 Columbus, are occasional outcrops. By the roadside, on the divide at the 

 head of Mad brook, are shaly layers containing fossils; IAorhynchus mesa- 

 coxtali.x. Hall, being abundant, while ProdvcteUa xpeviom, Hall (?), and 

 Qyrtima Hiamiltonensis, Hall, are common. The locality is just east of the 

 Sherburne and Columbus township line, about two miles east of Harrisville, 

 and barometrically 485 feet higher than the lower reservoir dam at Harris- 



' Bulletin Geological Society of America, Vol. IV , pp. 98, '.14. 



