Report of the State Geologist. 



in Watkins' quarry, where it is two feet, ten inches thick, and attaining a 

 thickness of four feet, two inches in Corrigan's quarry at Skaneateles falls, 

 near the western line of the county. Here it is separated from the tower 

 bed by a shaly parting of only a few inches, the whole making practically 

 one bed, nine feet, six inches thick. 



At Manlius, the beds are separated by four feet, two inches of bine lime- 

 stone; at Street's quarry, near Onondaga hill, by one foot, eight inches; at 

 Marcellus falls, by one foot, seven inches, and at Skaneateles, the beds prac- 

 tically come together. The lower stratum of water-lime at Jas. Beahan's 

 quarry, in Manlius, is four feet, one inch thick ; E. B. Alvord's quarry, in 

 Jamesville, four feet, five inches; at Britton and Clark's, near Brighton in 

 the Onondaga valley, five feet, two inches; at Walker's quarry, near Mar- 

 cellus falls, it is five feet, three inches; and at Corrigan's, at Skaneateles 

 falls, the part of. the bed that appears to be this stratum is five feet, 

 one inch thick. At Split Rock, the upper bed is well exposed and measures 

 two feet, two inches thick at the southeastern part of the quarry. It is 

 separated from the Onondaga limestone above by only a thin nodular shaly 

 parting, which here represents the Oriskany sandstone. It thins out and 

 entirely disappears in the western part of the quarry. The place of the 

 lower stratum of water-lime is here occupied by a bed of blue limestone 

 nine feet, one inch thick. But twenty-one feet, eight inches below the upper 

 layer, there occurs a layer one foot, five inches thick that is hydraulic 

 limestone, though of an inferior quality. It was not observed elsewhere. 

 This hydraulic limestone is brittle, clinking, compact, fine and even grained, 

 dark colored, sometimes black in the interior, but, when exposed, quickly 

 becoming a dull light grey with a slightly brown tint. It splits into small, 

 thin, conchoidal slabs on the planes of deposition, w hich are very obscure. 

 The contact lines above and below are very sharply defined. Sometimes the 

 bed is divided into two or more layers, and the proportion of clayey matter 

 is not quite uniform. The only fossil observed in the water-lime, or cement 

 rock was found in the upper layer at the southeast end of the Solvay' Process 

 Co.'s quarry at Split Rock. This w as an impression of one of the thoracic 

 segments of an Wurypterus measuring two and nine-sixteenths inches in length, 

 seven-eighths of an inch at the ends and one-half inch in the middle. It 

 showed the segment to have been slightly pustulose. 



The peculiar property of hardening under water possessed by this lime- 

 stone when calcined and pulverized, was discovered about the year 1818 

 during the construction of the Rome and Salina section of the Erie canal. A 



