Luther — Economic Geology of Onondaga County. 



2S9 



John Brophy, Brewerton Plank Road; fifteen men. Output, 1,500,000. 



F. H. Kennedy, 7th and North streets; ten men. Output, 1,000,000. 



C. tfe L. Merrick, Whiskey Island, out E. Court street ; thirty men. Out- 

 put, 3,000,000 and 500,000 ornamental pressed brick. 



The Onondaga Vitrified Brick Co. at Warner's, manufacture $5,000 worth 

 of roofing and drain tile from clay beds adjoining the works. 



A clay bed about 200 acres in extent lies west of the railroad station at 

 Jordan. Edward Heighhoe owns eleven acres of it, and manufactures drain 

 pipe and horseshoe tile to the value of $2,000 annually, and employs three men. 



One hundred thousand bricks are made annually from a bed in the vil- 

 lage of Baldwinsville. 



On the east side of the Seneca river, one-half mile north of Newbridge, 

 is situated the bed of stratified clay several acres in extent and at least twenty- 

 five feet thick, from which is obtained the material used by the New York 

 Brick and Paving Co., of Syracuse, in the manufacture of vitrified bricks for 

 street pavements. The top of the bed is twenty feet above the river, and 

 has an elevation of. 385 A. T. It is covered by two feet of sandy loam. The 

 upper part is, composed of nearly level layers of clay four to six inches thick, 

 brown or pinkish in the middle, becoming lighter colored toward the upper 

 and lower surfaces, and which are separated by a thin light drab layer one-half 

 to one inch thick, composed of very fine white sand, generally, but not 

 always, mixed with a little clay, which produces a characteristic and striking 

 banded effect. When a mass falls over from the vertical walls of the 

 excavation the clayey layers separate on the sandy planes and xlide on each 

 other like flagstones. This part of the bed is ten to twelve feet thick. Beneath 

 it the clay is of a bluish brown. The lines of bedding are less distinct, and 

 are much flexed and folded. It has been excavated to the depth of twelve 

 feet without reaching the bottom. Concretions are quite common in some of 

 the more calcareous layers three to five feet from the top of the bed. The 

 most common form is that of flattened spheroids, two to four inches in diam- 

 eter and one-half to one inch thick. Generally faint traces of a slender root 

 can be seen in the center. In many cases only an outer rim one-half to one 

 inch wide has become indurated, the interior having been affected only to the 

 extent of a slight discoloration that appeals in the form of narrow brownish 

 concentric bands. Besides these curious and rare ring concretions, other sym- 

 metrical forms occur, that are solid and composed of thin concentric layers. 

 Occasional irregular accretions of calcareous material about some small central 

 object are to be found throughout the entire bed. 

 19 



