294 



Report of the State Geo locust. 



fissures occur. A mile southeast from the village of Marcellus, in the deep 

 valley leading toward Cedarville, the top of the Corniferous limestone is 

 exposed over a large area, and the undulations are very apparent. 



In Win. Maylie's quarry at this locality, an overthrnst fault displaces the 

 strata two feet, two inches. The dip of the fracture plane is eighteen and 

 one-half degrees. This quarry is three miles from the north edge of the 

 Helderberg escarpment. 



Walker's quarry near Marcellus falls exposes a north and south section 

 200 feet long, in which the limestones dip toward the south, thirty-six feet. 

 At the north end of the quarry, which is near the summit of the anticline, 

 there is a fissure two feet Avide, and six rods north another, now partially filled 

 with large blocks of limestone, that is four feet wide. 



All of the quarries above mentioned are in the Corniferous and Lower 

 Helderberg limestones, and the flexures and fractures described are in the 

 upper part of a bed of hard rocks 250 to 400 feet thick. 



On the north side of the escarpment, the rocks of the Gypseous shales 

 and the horizon of the salt beds, wherever exposed, are in the same disturbed 

 condition, bu + the most apparent effect of the flexing is the reduction of the 

 thin bedded or shaly limestones of that horizon to a loose mass of uncemented 

 breccia. In grading a street in the western part of the city of Syracuse abed 

 of limestone was found to be so finely broken to the depth of five feet that 

 it was plowed without difficulty. 



The well known exposure on Green street, in Syracuse, in which appear 

 the eruptive dikes of peridotite is the most interesting one in this connection, 

 and perhaps in the whole county. 



The high ridge that separates the Onondaga and Butternut creek valleys 

 extends from Tully to the southeastern part of the city of Syracuse, ending 

 one-half mile north of the University of Syracuse, which is situated oil the 

 terminating slope of the ridge, at an elevation of about <>00 feet A. T. At 

 the foot of the slope is an alluvial plain three-fourths of a mile wide, having 

 an elevation of 4<>2 feet A. T. On the north side of this plain there rises to 

 the height of 150 feet an elevated, uneven tract bounded on the w est by the 

 ( >nondaga lake basin, and extending two or three miles tow ard the north and 

 east. On the south side the slopes are generally quite steep, but more gentle 

 on the west and north sides. This elevated tract has the appearance of being, 

 and doubtless is, composed largely of drift material, but in the southwest 

 part of it, at least, the bed lock lies near the surface, though there are no 

 natural outcrops. In an effort to modify the grade <>f Green street north of 



