Bishop — Geology of Erie County. 



331 



determined. At the works of tlie Buffalo Cement Co., at Buffalo, the over- 

 lying Corniferous, Onondaga, and a part of the water-lime are removed to reach 

 the cement stratum. The best of these strippings are sold at the quarry for 

 building purposes, and the company has just erected a crusher for converting 

 the chips and refuse into road metal. The relation of these rocks in the last- 

 named quarry may be seen from the following section : 



Top; Flint and limestone, Corniferous, . 3 to 9 feet. 



(6) Onondaga limestone, 5 " 8 inches. 



(5) Loose friable limestone, " 6 " 



(4) Shale with gypsum crystals, .... " 2 " 

 (3) Hydraulic limestone, porous, locally 



known as " bullhead," 7 " " 



(2) Cement rock, used for burning, . . . 5 " 8 " 

 (1) Bottom, of impure hydraulic limestone. 

 The " bullhead " stratum furnishes the greater part of the water-lime used 

 for building purposes. It is light chocolate to yellowish white in color, and 

 filled with cavities, irregular in shape, and ranging from the size of a kernel 

 of corn to an inch or more in diameter. On account of its porosity, water and 

 gases pass readily through this stone, and it is, therefore, not in favor for 

 cellars or similar work. 



The Onondaga Zdmestone. This formation expands near Williamsville 

 into one or two lenticular masses from which it is quarried by K,. & H. 

 Fogelsonger and J. S. Young. Being composed almost exclusively of the 

 remains of corals, crinoids and mollusks, it is of exceptional purity, as is seen 

 from the following analysis by Hugo Carlson, of the Johnson Laboratory, 

 Johnstown, Pa. The specimen was from the Fogelsonger quarry. 



Carbonate of lime, 96.54 



Carbonate of magnesia, 1.00 



Alumina and oxide of iron, .< s 4 



Silica, 1.17 



Sulphur, 101 



Phosphorus, 017 



This stone cuts easily and is used for trimmings for buildings, water- 

 tables, lintels, etc. A small amount is also sold for smelting purposes. The 

 chips and waste are burned for lime. The two quarries sold last year 260 

 cords of building stone, and 85,000 cubic feet of dressed stone. At Fogel- 

 songer's quarry the limestone has been removed to the depth of twenty feet, 

 and the thickness of the remaining part, as shown by drillings from a well in 



