43<i 



Report of the State Geologist. 



obliterated. Owing to the heavy covering of forest growth, outcrops are 

 comparatively scarce. The best sections to be obtained are at the' southern 

 end, east of Carpenter's Point, and at the northern end, east of Cuddeback- 

 ville, and chiefly on the property of Cornelius C. Cuddeback. 



The lower members of the Helderberg limestones are separated from the 

 upper beds of the Medina, which they overlie with a possible slight uncon- 

 formity, by a narrow, shallow valley. The Coralline limestone may lie in this 

 valley, but if it does, the drift covers it entirely and, furthermore, it must be 

 but a few feet thick in places, as at Shin hollow, where the Medina and 

 Helderberg are found quite close together. 



About three miles southwest of Otisville, on the land of Mr. Cuddeback 

 previously mentioned, are several small parallel ridges, with steep eastern 

 Blopes, which illustrate fairly well the Helderberg sections at this locality. 



The first ridge is a few feet west of the road, and the south end of it is 

 right behind Mr. Cuddeback's house. At this point, and near the summit 

 of its short, steep eastern slope, are small ledges of the Tentaeulite limestone 

 (62a). It is a hard, fine-grained, dark bluish rock, with a sub-bedding that 

 shows prominently on the weathered surface. The beds strike N. 30° E., 

 and dip 35° N. W. There is an irregular cleavage, which dips steeply to 

 the southeast, and along which the rock parts very easily, while it breaks with 

 difficulty parallel to the bedding. 



The total thickness of the Tentaeulite limestone exposed in this ledge is 

 about twelve feet. Certain layers contain abundant remains of Leperdii-icB and 

 Meristma, and the lower layers of the ledge also furnished a few specimens 

 of Favosites minima. 



Ledges near the summit of the same ridge, but about 600 feet farther 

 north, consist of layers of impure and sometimes shaly limestone (62b), 

 w hich contain an abundance of fossils, indicating a mixture of Tentaeulite 

 and Lower Pentamerus faunas. The species found were : Leptcena rhomboi- 

 dalis, SfropJteodonta varistriata, Rhynchonella, sp., Actinopteria,sp., Cypriear- 

 <li a in 1<iin<-]lox<i, Zaplirentix, sp., Leptovtmphia, sp., JPholidops, sp., Spirvfer 

 Varmxemij Dahnanites, JBeyrichia, including one large form about three- 

 quarters of an inch long. 



At the south end of the ridge and just w r est of 62a, is a second and 

 somewhat lower crest, formed of a hard, bluish grey, fine-grained limestone, 

 w ith couchoidal fracture and irregular cleavage (62c). It contains no fossils 

 and dips westward under a coarsely granular limestone, which forms a small 

 knoll (63), surmounted by a walnut tree. It seems to be a portion of the 



