Report of the State Geologist. 



"The second boulder is on Gidney avenue, near the limestone ridge and 

 cliffs, known as " Limestone hills," on the south side of the avenue, and about 

 200 feet from it. It lies on a gentle east-southeast slope, and the longer axis 

 lies in a line X. 20° E. The length of the boulder in this direction is 

 seventy-one feet; breadth at right angles forty-nine feet, nine inches; circum- 

 ference parallel with the surface at half the height, 188 feet ; longitudinal 

 measurement over the top, from ground to ground, 130 feet; transverse, over 

 the top, 87 feet." 



Mr. Weed further writes that the sandstone boulders occur in abundance 

 on Cronomer's hill, about New Mills in the city, at Stewart's farm, southeast 

 of Powder Mills (very large and abundant), and at Vail's Gate. 



Another area of boulders occurs in Tuxedo township, west and south- 

 west of Southfield. They are all of gneissic rock and occur singly or in 

 groups. Several large limestone boulders were found on the slopes of 

 Mounts Adam and Eve. The peculiar manner in which they have weathered 

 is w ell show n in the accompanying plate. 



The terraces in the valleys are of two classes, estuary terraces and stream 

 terraces. The stream terraces are best developed in the valley of the 

 Delaware river. The first terrace above the river and one representing its 

 flood plain, is 420 feet A. T. The greater part of the villages of Port Jervis 

 and Matamoras are built on it. There is a second terrace about 475 feet 

 A. T. It forms a broad, level bench on which the upper portion of Port 

 Jervis is built. It is underlaid by more coarse material than the low er one. 

 This bench extends up the Neversink valley to a considerable distance. 



Along the Hudson liver from Koseton to Cornwall-on-Hudson and 

 around West Point there is a level or very gently sloping quaternary terrace 

 of variable w idth. It is mostly underlaid by clay and sand, but sometimes 

 by boulder till. The clay, which is of great economic importance, was 

 deposited during a post-glacial depression of the Hudson river valley which 

 amounted to eighty feet at New York city and 240 feet at Albany. The 

 terrace at Xew burgh extends up to 210 feet, and at West Point it is 180 feet. 

 At Roseton the ten-ace is only 120 feet, but it may represent the lower terrace 

 which is found at other points along the river. The estuary material at 

 Roseton is also found at higher altitudes. 



South of Newburgh, the terrace broadens rapidly until it reaches its 

 greatest development around Cornwall. This town as well as Newburgh 

 and New Windsor are situated on the terrace. At Cornwall, much of 

 the terrace is underlaid by boulder drift, and an excellent section is 



