Kemp — Geology of Essex County. 



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the working drawings of the furnace in his paper just cited. The furnace 

 went out of blast about 1859, and the enterprise stopped after having been in 

 operation fifteen or eighteen years, during which the manufactured 

 iron made its labored exit to the markets by means of teams to Crow n Point, 

 some fifty miles distant. The expense of haulage proved too serious. The 

 early promoters of the enterprise have found enduring memorials in the local 

 geographic names, Henderson, Golden, Mclntyre, etc. Emmons seems not 

 to have known that the ores were titaniferous, nor so far as can be learned 

 were the later operators, at least for some years, aware of this fact. In view 

 of the great prejudice against titaniferous ores to-day this seems remarkable, 

 because, so far as we know, these comparatively primitive furnace men found 

 no difficulty in smelting the ores. The question of their peculiar properties 

 and behavior in the furnace has been taken up in extensive experiments in the 

 last two or three years by Mr. A. J. Rossi'"' with very encouraging results. 

 With multi-basic slags and high percentages of Ti0 2 in them — say twenty 

 to thirty-five — no trouble was met in a low small stack from their reputed 

 infusible properties. The question is an interesting and important one, and it 

 is much to be hoped that it may be solved in the large way and that these 

 great reserves of titaniferous ore may be made available. 



The ore-bodies at present exposed are in the situations shown by the 

 accompanying map. The map has been traced in outline from one that was 

 made for the iron company about 1850 and that was engraved and printed. 

 One of the few copies known to be extant was kindly loaned to me by Mr. 

 James MacNaughton for this purpose. In transcribing, some topographic 

 shading has been omitted, and one or two additional names, signs for mines, 

 etc., have been introduced. With one or two corrections, the map is 

 practically the same as that made and printed by Professor Emmons in his 

 early report. The map of 1850, from which the present one here introduced 

 was traced, is smaller than Emmons's original. The long side of the latter is 

 approximately twenty-one inches, while the long side of the former is fourteen 

 inches. The present map is nine inches on this same line. 



An old opening is northwest of lake Henderson, but I have not seen it. 

 A short distance below the Upper Dam, at the outlet of lake Henderson, is 

 the Millpond opening, on a mass twelve to fifteen feet wide, striking nearly 

 north and south and dipping about 75° E. Its location is shown approxi- 

 mately by the crossed hammers. This was one of the chief sources of ore for 

 the early furnace, so that a pit now remains about twenty-five feet or more 



* A. J. Rossi, Op. ext.; also, The Snieltiug of Titaniferous Ores ; " The Iron Age," Feb. 6 and 20, 1896. 



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