34 



J. D. KENDALL ON THE INTEEGLACIAL DEPOSITS OE 



posits ; but do correct information has been preserved as to their ex- 

 tent and thickness. Accumulations of similar material have been 

 met with in the solid rock, as shown in the following section : — 



Section obtained by Boring at Crossgates. 



Thickness Depth 

 of each from 

 stratum. surface. 



ft in. ft. m. 



SoH 2 2 



Gravel and clay 24 26 



Decomposed limestone 17 43 



Yellow clay mixed with iron-ore 4 47 



Black muck 4 o 51 o 



Iron -ore (dark-coloured) 2 53 



Black muck mixed with iron-ore 60 5q o 



Iron-ore 8 67 



Decomposed limestone 7 74 



Black woody deposit 12 o 86 o 



Decomposed limestone 6 92 



Black mould and wood 20 94 



Yellow clay mixed with iron-ore 16 110 



Black mould mixed with iron-ore 10 o 120 o 



Black mould , 4 o 124 o 



Black mould mixed with iron-ore and 



limestone 3 127 o 



Wabney Deposit. — On the western shore of the island of Walney, 

 and about a mile south of the village of Biggar (fig. 1), there is a 

 vegetable deposit, in many respects like that at Lindal ; but not 

 much of it is exposed. A plan and two sections of it are given in 

 figs. 5-7. 



The deposit rests on Boulder-clay certainly ; but I have not been 

 able to prove that it is overlain by the same formation. Still I 

 think there is very little doubt about it when we look at the sec- 

 tions, and w.ien we know that the shore is travelling rapidly land- 

 wards. On the occasion of my visit I had not time to make any 

 observations on the inner nature of the deposit with the view of 

 determining the different kinds of plants enclosed in it ; but I may 

 state that, externally, it is very much like other deposits that I shall 

 describe more in detail further on. 



Bring Deposit. — On the shore opposite Drigg (Plate III. fig. 1). 

 there is another woody deposit. A plan and several sections of it 

 are given vi figs. 8-11. In one part of it I sunk a shaft, as shown 

 on the plan. A section of this shaft is given below. 



A. Vegetable matter (brown) and grey sand in alternating layers of various 



thicknesses, the vegetable matter predominating. I found in it the elytra 

 of beetles, acorns, oak-leaves, hazel-wood, alder-wood and leaves, stems 

 of common bracken, pieces of Sphagnum, seeds of various kinds and sizes, 

 and rush-like stems and leaves, the stems standing on end and crumpled 

 endwise, as if by downward pressure, the leaves lying on their side. The fol- 

 lowing diatoms were found in this bed : — Cyclotella minutula, Pinnularia 

 viridis, Pinmclaria oblonga, Gomphonema acuminatum, Himanticlium bidew, 

 Himantidium pectinate . 



B. Yellow and brown sandy clay in irregular layers. 



C. Blue sandy clay. 



D. Bed and blue sandy clay, the last 12 inches redder and more clayey. 



