COEALLIFEEOTTS SEEIES OF SIXD. 



209 



To complete the serial changes, it is to be remembered that a 

 Postglacial fauna was found in the old alluvium of the Jumna, 

 a wash-down of the Himalayas. 



With regard to the Upper Manchhars, they were implicated in the 

 great orographical movement, which was contemporaneous through- 

 out the extrapeninsular area of India ; and they are of Pliocene age. 



The details regarding the succession of strata and of many of 

 their organic remains are to be found in the publications of the 

 Geological Survey of India, and in the communications to this 

 Society by Strachey, Grant, Falconer, and others. The 'Manual of 

 Indian Geology,' by Medlicott aud Blanford, an abstract of the 

 labours of the Survey, contains them in a condensed form. I am 

 under great obligations to all those writers, and also to Messrs. Med- 

 licott and Blanford for much unpublished information ; and in thus 

 heartily acknowledging my obligations, I am glad to have the 

 opportunity of expressing my assent to their conclusions regarding 

 the age of the Himalayas. 



Discussiox. 



The Peesidext remarked on the persistence of Mesozoic types in 

 the Tertiary strata of the Himalayas. 



Mr. Blanfoed expressed the obligations of himself and other 

 Indian geologists to Dr. Duncan for his researches on the Corals 

 which they had collected. The base of the series of Sind consists 

 of a limestone containing Hippurites ; and above these Cretaceous 

 beds are strata partly unfossiliferous and the representatives of the 

 Deccan traps, the whole being overlain by the Lower Eocene and 

 jSTummulitic. This succession is shown both in the Laki and the 

 Khirthar ranges. The Nari or Oligocene group is 5000 or 6000 

 feet thick ; its upper subdivision, which is much thicker than the 

 lower, is of freshwater origin, and contains imperfect plant-remains. 

 This is overlain by the Gaj and Manchhar. The unconformities which 

 occur in the series are purely local. He was gratified to find 

 that Dr. Duncan had arrived at the same conclusion as the Geolo- 

 gical Survey of India as to the age of the Sivalik beds. He 

 replied to the opinions expressed by Prof. Boyd-Dawkins and 

 Mr. Bose on this subject. 



Lieut.-Col. Godwix-Austen remarked upon the greater contortion 

 of the j^ummulitic strata in the Western Himalayas as compared 

 with those of Assam. 



The Atjthoe stated, in reply to the President's remarks, that 

 while the genera of Corals are remarkably persistent, the species are 

 not. He bore testimony to the great value of the volume published 

 by the Geological Survey of India. He doubted the value of the 

 terrestrial Mammalia as fixing the age of the strata overlying the 

 Eocenes. 



