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may ensue, but frequently the Vines recover gradually each year, and 

 the chlorose may disappear. Where the soil is less calcareous, the di- 

 sease is less intense. On clay or siliceous soils, chlorose only appears in 

 some cold wet spring, when yellow patches may appear on the leaves, 

 but growth is hardly interrupted, and, if the weather improves, all 

 comes well again. The primary cause of chlorose is the presence of too 

 much carbonate of lime (limestone or chalk) in the soil, and its action 

 is assisted by any condition of the soil which increases the amount of 

 soluble lime. This is further assisted by want of water, light, heat, or 

 air, which defects tend to weaken the general health of the Vines. The 

 disease is diminished by any mode of cultivation which promotes good 

 drainage in the soil, or which strengthens the growth of the Vine. 

 Above all, applications of sulphate of iron (green vitriol) to the soil 

 round the roots of the Vine do most to cure chlorose ; this is the case, 

 even though the soil, naturally contains iron. As many of the great 

 Vine-growing districts of France have a calcareous soil, chlorose is a 

 serious disease, and, during the Phylloxera epidemic, it assisted in 

 almost exterminating the Vine, and in ruining many a grower. During 

 recent years, however, great progress has been made in checking both 

 Phylloxera and chlorose. This is done by selecting Vines produced by 

 grafting the European Vine (Vitis vinifera) on stocks of American 

 Vines. We cannot discuss the subject fully in this paper. Briefly, 

 however, certain varieties of Vitis vinifera grow fairly well on calcar- 

 eous soils (e.g., Fulle-Blanche, Pinot, Colombeau, etc.) ; these are 

 grafted on stocks of the American Vitis Berlandieri, which is found 

 wild only on calcareous soils. The Vinifera- Berlandieri hybrids have 

 been used to re-stock hundreds of acres in France, and the Grapes pro- 

 duced are not inferior in quality, while the Vines are much more re- 

 sistant to disease. This is an important chapter in the history of Vine 

 cultivation, and illustrates the great value of resistant varieties or hy- 

 brids as a means of combating diseases of plants. We have urged this 

 before, and believe that more substantial progress will be made against 

 diseases of plants by means of hardy varieties than by any methods of 

 spraying or sulphuring sickiy plants. (Wm. Gr. Smith in Gardener $ 

 Chronicle.) 



EUCALYPTI IN THE TRANSVAAL. 



According to an Indian contemporary, extensive areas of land are 

 being planted, in the neighbourhood of Johannesburg and Pretoria, with 

 eucalyptus trees. The gold-mining companies, it is said, have been for 

 some time getting hard up for timber for their mines, and as the Aus- 

 tralian gums grow so rapidly they have been planted in preference to 

 other trees. One plantation of 1,000 acres planted twelve years ago, had 

 produced trees ranging up to 40 feet in height, supplying good pit-wood. 

 The predominant species planted was blue gum (E. Globulus). E. vimi- 

 nolis ranking next in value. E. robusta, E. resinifera and E. diversicolor 

 have also been tried. The plantations referred to are all situated on 

 elevations varying from 4,500 feet to 6,000 feet above sea-level. The 

 soil is generally a poor red loam, much impregnated with iron. — 

 Chemist and Druggist. 



